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Transport network improvements: The effects on wage earnings

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  • Eivind Tveter

Abstract

This paper estimates the effect of transport network improvements on wage earnings using municipality‐level data from Norway. Transport improvements are modelled to impact labour productivity, and thereby wages, through effective employment density by using travel time changes in the Norwegian road network from 2005 to 2009. Identification is achieved by using panel data estimation and by isolating the effects on employment density from those caused by transport improvements. The estimation results indicate agglomeration elasticities in the range of 0.04–0.06. The result lies in the midrange of current estimates and supports the notion that agglomeration economies in a low‐density country such as Norway are not very different from those of more densely populated countries. Este artículo estima el efecto de las mejoras en la red de transporte sobre los ingresos salariales y para ello utiliza datos a nivel municipal de Noruega. Las mejoras del transporte se modelan para influir en la productividad laboral y, por ende, en los salarios, a través de la densidad efectiva de empleo, utilizando los cambios en la duración de los viajes en la red de carreteras noruega de 2005 a 2009. La identificación se logra mediante la estimación de datos del panel y el aislamiento de los efectos sobre la densidad de empleo respecto a los causados por las mejoras en el transporte. Los resultados de la estimación indican elasticidades de aglomeración entre 0,04 y 0,06. El resultado se encuentra en el rango medio de las estimaciones actuales y apoya la noción de que las economías de aglomeración en un país de baja densidad como Noruega no son muy diferentes de las de los países más densamente poblados. 本稿では、ノルウェーの自治体レベルのデータを用いて、交通輸送ネットワークの改善が賃金収入に及ぼす影響を推定した。交通輸送の改善は、2005年から2009年までのノルウェーの道路ネットワークにおける移動時間を変化させることにより、効果的な雇用密度を通じて労働生産性とそれを通じて賃金に影響を与えるようにモデル化されている。パネルデータ推定を用いて、交通輸送改善が引き起こした影響から雇用密度への影響のみを分離すると識別できる。この推計結果は、集積の弾性値が0.04~0.06の範囲にあることを示している。結果は、現在の推計値の中位に位置するものであり、ノルウェーのような人口密度の低い国の集積の経済と、人口密度がより高い国のそれとでは大きな違いはないという考えを裏付けるものである。

Suggested Citation

  • Eivind Tveter, 2021. "Transport network improvements: The effects on wage earnings," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(3), pages 478-491, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:478-491
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12235
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