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One country, two populist parties: Voting patterns of the 2018 Italian elections and their determinants

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  • Alessandra Faggian
  • Marco Modica
  • Félix Modrego
  • Giulia Urso

Abstract

The results of the elections have increasingly brought to the forefront the long‐standing issue of lagging regions—also labelled as “places that don't matter”—since they had a great influence on the electoral outcomes. In this paper, we focus on the municipal results of the Italian senate elections, held in March 2018. Italy is a peculiar country where two non‐traditional parties, namely “Lega” and “Movimento 5 Stelle” (M5S), ended up forming the government coalition running until August 2019 and competing for different shades of populism. Our aim is to investigate the regional characteristics which underlie the local preferences for the two non‐mainstream parties. First, we find that the spatial distribution of their votes is associated with territorial socio‐economic and institutional differences, and hence that Lega and M5S are characterized by a different electoral base (e.g., Lega capitalized its traditional support in the North, while M5S won especially in the South). Second, beyond these expected regional patterns, our evidence also highlights a sharp urban‐rural contrast. Los resultados de las elecciones han puesto en primer plano cada vez más el viejo problema de las regiones rezagadas, también calificadas como “lugares que no importan”, debido a la gran influencia que tuvieron en los resultados electorales. En este artículo, nos centramos en los resultados municipales de las elecciones al Senado de Italia, celebradas en marzo de 2018. Italia es un país peculiar en el que dos partidos no convencionales, a saber, la "Lega" y el "Movimento 5 Stelle" (M5S), acabaron formando la coalición de gobierno vigente hasta agosto de 2019 y compitiendo por diferentes matices de populismo. El objetivo de este trabajo es investigar las características regionales que subyacen a las preferencias locales por los dos partidos no convencionales. En primer lugar, se encontró que la distribución espacial de sus votos está asociada a diferencias socioeconómicas e institucionales territoriales, y que por tanto la Lega y M5S se caracterizan por una base electoral diferente (p. ej. la Lega capitalizó su apoyo tradicional en el Norte, mientras que M5S ganó especialmente en el Sur). En segundo lugar, más allá de estos patrones regionales esperados, la evidencia obtenida pone también de manifiesto un fuerte contraste entre las zonas urbanas y las rurales. 選挙の結果は、選挙がもたらした結果に大きな影響を与えたため、「重要ではない場所」というレッテルも貼られた、遅れている地域の問題をより前面に押し出している。本稿では、2018年3月に実施されたイタリア上院議員選挙の自治体の結果に焦点を当てる。イタリアは、2つの新興政党、すなわちLega (同盟)とMovimento 5 Stell(M5S:五つ星運動)が、最終的に2019年8月まで続く連立政権を形成して様相の異なるポピュリズムを争ったという特異な国である。本稿の目的は、この2つの非主流政党に対する地域の選好性の根底にある地域の特性を調べることである。第一に、彼らの得票の空間的分布は、領土的な社会経済的および制度的差異と関連しており、それゆえLegaとM5Sは異なる選挙基盤(例えば、Legaは北部での伝統的な支援を活用し、M5Sは主に南部で勝利した)によって特徴づけられるという知見が得られた。第二に、これらの地域の予想パターンを越えて、我々が得たエビデンスからは都市対農村のコントラストが強いことが明らかにされる。

Suggested Citation

  • Alessandra Faggian & Marco Modica & Félix Modrego & Giulia Urso, 2021. "One country, two populist parties: Voting patterns of the 2018 Italian elections and their determinants," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(2), pages 397-413, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:397-413
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12391
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    1. Eveline S. van Leeuwen & Solmaria Halleck Vega, 2021. "Voting and the rise of populism: Spatial perspectives and applications across Europe," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(2), pages 209-219, April.

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