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Oil and gold as a hedge and safe-haven for metals and agricultural commodities with portfolio implications

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  • Naeem, Muhammad Abubakr
  • Hasan, Mudassar
  • Arif, Muhammad
  • Suleman, Muhammad Tahir
  • Kang, Sang Hoon

Abstract

This paper examines the safe-haven and hedging potential of oil and gold against industrial metals and agricultural commodities using a novel approach of quantile-on-quantile regression (QQR). For empirical analysis, we use the data on these commodities from January 2000 to December 2018, which further splits up into two sub-periods based on the global financial crisis (GFC). The results from the time-varying correlation of oil (gold) with metals and agriculture commodities suggest that oil (gold) has a lower correlation with metals and agriculture in the pre-GFC period than post-GFC. Further, the QQR model for two time periods (pre-GFC and post-GFC) was used to examine whether oil (gold) serves as a hedge (safe-haven) during the two periods. We conclude that oil was a safe-haven for metals and agricultural commodities pre-GFC but lost that ability post-GFC. Finally, we analyze the hedge ratio and hedge effectiveness pre- and post-GFC and confirm that oil had higher hedge effectiveness than gold during the pre-GFC period.

Suggested Citation

  • Naeem, Muhammad Abubakr & Hasan, Mudassar & Arif, Muhammad & Suleman, Muhammad Tahir & Kang, Sang Hoon, 2022. "Oil and gold as a hedge and safe-haven for metals and agricultural commodities with portfolio implications," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:eneeco:v:105:y:2022:i:c:s0140988321006022
    DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105758
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Oil and gold; Metals; Agriculture commodities; Quantile-on-quantile;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C58 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Financial Econometrics
    • G10 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • Q02 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - General - - - Commodity Market

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