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The Link between Economic Complexity and Carbon Emissions in the European Union Countries: A Model Based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) Approach

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Cited by:

  1. Bernardo Caldarola & Dario Mazzilli & Lorenzo Napolitano & Aurelio Patelli & Angelica Sbardella, 2023. "Economic complexity and the sustainability transition: A review of data, methods, and literature," Papers 2308.07172, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2024.
  2. Diogo Ferraz & Fernanda P. S. Falguera & Enzo B. Mariano & Dominik Hartmann, 2021. "Linking Economic Complexity, Diversification, and Industrial Policy with Sustainable Development: A Structured Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-29, January.
  3. Balland, Pierre-Alexandre & Broekel, Tom & Diodato, Dario & Giuliani, Elisa & Hausmann, Ricardo & O'Clery, Neave & Rigby, David, 2022. "Reprint of The new paradigm of economic complexity," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(8).
  4. Balsalobre-Lorente, Daniel & Contente dos Santos Parente, Clara & Leitão, Nuno Carlos & Cantos-Cantos, José María, 2023. "The influence of economic complexity processes and renewable energy on CO2 emissions of BRICS. What about industry 4.0?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
  5. Athanasios Lapatinas & Anastasia Litina & Skerdilajda Zanaj, 2021. "The Impact of Economic Complexity on the Formation of Environmental Culture," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-25, January.
  6. Djula Borozan, 2022. "Revealing the complexity in the environmental Kuznets curve set in a European multivariate framework," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(7), pages 9165-9184, July.
  7. Cesar A. Hidalgo, 2022. "Knowledge is non-fungible," Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography (PEEG) 2229, Utrecht University, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Group Economic Geography, revised Nov 2022.
  8. Ghazala Aziz & Suleman Sarwar & Rida Waheed & Mohd Saeed Khan, 2024. "The significance of renewable energy, globalization, and agriculture on sustainable economic growth and green environment: Metaphorically, a two‐sided blade," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 48(3), pages 763-783, August.
  9. Quinten De Wettinck & Karolien De Bruyne & Wouter Bam & C'esar A. Hidalgo, 2025. "Economic Complexity Alignment and Sustainable Development," Papers 2509.17919, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2025.
  10. Cui, Lianbiao & Weng, Shimei & Nadeem, Abdul Majeed & Rafique, Muhammad Zahid & Shahzad, Umer, 2022. "Exploring the role of renewable energy, urbanization and structural change for environmental sustainability: Comparative analysis for practical implications," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 215-224.
  11. C'esar A. Hidalgo, 2022. "Knowledge is non-fungible," Papers 2205.02167, arXiv.org.
  12. Nan, Shijing & Huo, Yuchen & You, Wanhai & Guo, Yawei, 2022. "Globalization spatial spillover effects and carbon emissions: What is the role of economic complexity?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
  13. Kyungsik Nam & Sungro Lee & Hocheol Jeon, 2020. "Nonlinearity between CO 2 Emission and Economic Development: Evidence from a Functional Coefficient Panel Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-10, December.
  14. Rinku Manocha, 2024. "Do FDI Flows Lead to Environmental Degradation in Developing Economies? A Case Study of Select Asian Economies," Vision, , vol. 28(2), pages 237-250, April.
  15. Renzhong Liu & Jingxiu Du & Liuyan Wei, 2022. "Financial Development, Heterogeneous Technological Progress, and Carbon Emissions: An Empirical Analysis Based on Provincial Panel Data in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-20, October.
  16. Lihong Fan & Muhammad Usman & Mohammad Haseeb & Mustafa Kamal, 2025. "The impact of financial development and energy consumption on ecological footprint in economic complexity‐based EKC framework: New evidence from BRICS‐T region," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 49(2), pages 1536-1559, May.
  17. Eduardo Polloni-Silva & Diogo Ferraz & Flávia de Castro Camioto & Daisy Aparecida do Nascimento Rebelatto & Herick Fernando Moralles, 2021. "Environmental Kuznets Curve and the Pollution-Halo/Haven Hypotheses: An Investigation in Brazilian Municipalities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-19, April.
  18. Sami Ullah & Rundong Luo & Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo & Mustafa Tevfik Kartal, 2024. "Paving the ways toward sustainable development: the asymmetric effect of economic complexity, renewable electricity, and foreign direct investment on the environmental sustainability in BRICS-T," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(4), pages 9115-9139, April.
  19. Hidalgo, César A., 2023. "The policy implications of economic complexity," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(9).
  20. Lapatinas, Athanasios & Litina, Anastasia & Zanaj, Skerdilajda, 2020. "Environmental Culture and Economic Complexity," MPRA Paper 105067, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  21. C'esar A. Hidalgo, 2022. "The Policy Implications of Economic Complexity," Papers 2205.02164, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2023.
  22. Muhammad Tariq Majeed & Maria Mazhar & Isma Samreen & Aisha Tauqir, 2022. "Economic complexities and environmental degradation: evidence from OECD countries," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(4), pages 5846-5866, April.
  23. Shabana Parveen & Saleem Khan & Muhammad Abdul Kamal & Muhammad Ali Abbas & Aamir Aijaz Syed & Simon Grima, 2023. "The Influence of Industrial Output, Financial Development, and Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy on Environmental Degradation in Newly Industrialized Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-21, March.
  24. Wang, Feilan & Chen, Junbo & Wu, Feixia & Li, Hongwei & Li, Jianfang, 2024. "The role of natural resources, fintech and economic complexity in sustainable development for BRICS nations: A policy insight from advanced panel data techniques," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
  25. Florian Bucher & Lucas Scheu & Benedikt Schröpf, 2023. "Economic complexity and environmental pollution: evidence from the former socialist transition countries," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 50(3), pages 807-847, August.
  26. Hyoji Choi & Jonghyun Kim & Donghyeon Yu & Bogang Jun, 2025. "Population concentration in high-complexity regions within city during the heat wave," Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 18(1), pages 41-56.
  27. Hemachandra Padhan & Deepak Kumar Behera & Santosh Kumar Sahu & Umakant Dash, 2025. "Examining the dynamic synthesis between environmental quality, economic globalization, and economic complexity in OECD countries," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 27(2), pages 3777-3795, February.
  28. Anh-Tu Nguyen & Shih-Hao Lu & Phuc Thanh Thien Nguyen, 2021. "Validating and Forecasting Carbon Emissions in the Framework of the Environmental Kuznets Curve: The Case of Vietnam," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-38, May.
  29. Shahzad, Umer & Ferraz, Diogo & Nguyen, Huu-Huan & Cui, Lianbiao, 2022. "Investigating the spill overs and connectedness between financial globalization, high-tech industries and environmental footprints: Fresh evidence in context of China," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
  30. Xiaoyan Li & Jia Liu & Peijie Ni, 2021. "The Impact of the Digital Economy on CO 2 Emissions: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-15, June.
  31. C'esar A. Hidalgo & Viktor Stojkoski, 2025. "The Theory of Economic Complexity," Papers 2506.18829, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2025.
  32. Simionescu, Mihaela & Radulescu, Magdalena, 2025. "Electricity prices, renewable energy, and sustainability of the energy and manufacturing sectors in the new EU member states," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
  33. Saeed Ur Rahman & Zia Ur Rahman & Maryam Ibrahim, 2022. "Validity of Environmental Kuznets Curve in the Malaysian Economy: A Fresh Evidence," Journal of Economic Impact, Science Impact Publishers, vol. 4(3), pages 278-288.
  34. Florian Bucher & Lucas Scheu & Benedikt Schröpf, 2022. "Economic complexity and environmental pollution: Evidence from the former socialist transition countries," Working Papers 218, Bavarian Graduate Program in Economics (BGPE).
  35. Olimpia Neagu, 2020. "Economic Complexity and Ecological Footprint: Evidence from the Most Complex Economies in the World," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-18, October.
  36. Sebastian Montagna & Liqiao Huang & Yin Long & Yoshikuni Yoshida, 2025. "Sectoral economic complexity and environmental degradation: a sectoral perspective on the EKC hypothesis," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 12(1), pages 1-24, December.
  37. Dominik Hartmann & Diogo Ferraz & Mayra Bezerra & Andreas Pyka & Flavio L. Pinheiro, 2021. "Comparing cars with apples? Identifying the appropriate benchmark countries for relative ecological pollution rankings and international learning," Papers 2107.14365, arXiv.org.
  38. Balland, Pierre-Alexandre & Broekel, Tom & Diodato, Dario & Giuliani, Elisa & Hausmann, Ricardo & O'Clery, Neave & Rigby, David, 2022. "The new paradigm of economic complexity," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(3).
  39. Suzanna ElMassah & Eslam A. Hassanein, 2023. "Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability in the GCC Countries: New Insights Based on the Economic Complexity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-24, May.
  40. Zhuoming Ren & Wenli Du & Ziyi Zhao & Li Zhao & Tongfeng Weng, 2024. "Strategies for selecting trading partners based on economic complexity of international trade networks: A comparison between Chinese and the US markets," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-12, December.
  41. Bucher, Florian & Scheu, Lucas & Schröpf, Benedikt, 2022. "Economic complexity and environmental pollution: Evidence from the former socialist transition countries," Discussion Papers 124, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Chair of Labour and Regional Economics.
  42. Ashraf, Junaid, 2022. "Do political instability, financial instability and environmental degradation undermine growth? Evidence from belt and road initiative countries," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 44(6), pages 1113-1127.
  43. Smith, Matthew & Christopoulos, Dimitris, 2025. "GVC participation and carbon emissions – A network analysis," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
  44. Emad Kazemzadeh & José Alberto Fuinhas & Matheus Koengkan & Fariba Osmani, 2022. "The Heterogeneous Effect of Economic Complexity and Export Quality on the Ecological Footprint: A Two-Step Club Convergence and Panel Quantile Regression Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-24, September.
  45. Tomasz Rokicki & Aleksandra Perkowska, 2020. "Changes in Energy Supplies in the Countries of the Visegrad Group," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-17, September.
  46. Balsalobre-Lorente, Daniel & Ibáñez-Luzón, Lucia & Usman, Muhammad & Shahbaz, Muhammad, 2022. "The environmental Kuznets curve, based on the economic complexity, and the pollution haven hypothesis in PIIGS countries," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 1441-1455.
  47. Saud, Shah & Haseeb, Abdul & Zafar, Muhammad Wasif & Li, Huiyun, 2023. "Articulating natural resource abundance, economic complexity, education and environmental sustainability in MENA countries: Evidence from advanced panel estimation," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
  48. Wai-Ming To & Peter K. C. Lee & Antonio K. W. Lau, 2021. "Economic and Environmental Changes in Shenzhen—A Technology Hub in Southern China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-17, May.
  49. Parveen Kumar & Magdalena Radulescu, 2025. "CO2 emission, life expectancy, and economic growth: a triad analysis of Sub-Saharan African countries," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 27(5), pages 11955-11982, May.
  50. Li, Siying & Sun, Huaping & Sharif, Arshian & Bashir, Madiha & Bashir, Muhammad Farhan, 2024. "Economic complexity, natural resource abundance and education: Implications for sustainable development in BRICST economies," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
  51. Doğan, Buhari & Chu, Lan Khanh & Ghosh, Sudeshna & Diep Truong, Huong Hoang & Balsalobre-Lorente, Daniel, 2022. "How environmental taxes and carbon emissions are related in the G7 economies?," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 645-656.
  52. Sevde Arpaci‐Ayhan, 2023. "Foreign aid as a catalyst for improving productive capabilities in recipients," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 35(5), pages 738-760, July.
  53. Alexandra Horobet & Irina Mnohoghitnei & Dan Gabriel Dumitrescu & Stefania Cristina Curea & Lucian Belascu, 2022. "An Empirical Assessment of the Financial Development – Environmental Quality Nexus in the European Union," The AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC journal, Academy of Economic Studies - Bucharest, Romania, vol. 24(61), pages 613-613, August.
  54. You, Wanhai & Zhang, Yue & Lee, Chien-Chiang, 2022. "The dynamic impact of economic growth and economic complexity on CO2 emissions: An advanced panel data estimation," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 112-128.
  55. Chandrarin, Grahita & Sohag, Kazi & Cahyaningsih, Diyah Sukanti & Yuniawan, Dani, 2022. "Will economic sophistication contribute to Indonesia's emission target? A decomposed analysis," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 181(C).
  56. Rafique, Muhammad Zahid & Fareed, Zeeshan & Ferraz, Diogo & Ikram, Majid & Huang, Shaoan, 2022. "Exploring the heterogenous impacts of environmental taxes on environmental footprints: An empirical assessment from developed economies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PA).
  57. Adedoyin, Festus Fatai & Erum, Naila & Ozturk, Ilhan, 2022. "Does higher innovation intensity matter for abating the climate crisis in the presence of economic complexities? Evidence from a Global Panel Data," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 181(C).
  58. Parveen Kumar & Rajbeer Kaur & Magdalena Radulescu & Branimir Kalaš & Alina Hagiu, 2025. "Drivers of Environmental Sustainability, Economic Growth, and Inequality: A Study of Economic Complexity, FDI, and Human Development Role in BRICS+ Nations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-28, May.
  59. Rawshan Ara Begum & Asif Raihan & Mohd Nizam Mohd Said, 2020. "Dynamic Impacts of Economic Growth and Forested Area on Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Malaysia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-15, November.
  60. Umer Shahzad & Mohamed Elheddad & Julia Swart & Sudeshna Ghosh & Buhari Dogan, 2023. "The role of biomass energy consumption and economic complexity on environmental sustainability in G7 economies," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 32(1), pages 781-801, January.
  61. Viktor Stojkoski & Philipp Koch & Eva Coll & César A. Hidalgo, 2024. "Estimating digital product trade through corporate revenue data," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-15, December.
  62. Khezri, Mohsen & Heshmati, Almas & Khodaei, Mehdi, 2022. "Environmental implications of economic complexity and its role in determining how renewable energies affect CO2 emissions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PB).
  63. Christian Agu & Jonathan Emenike Ogbuabor & Benjamin Udoka Onah, 2025. "How are Economic Governance Institutions Moderating the Effect of Economic Complexity on Trade, FDI Inflow, Environmental Degradation, and Economic Growth in Africa?," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 16(2), pages 9536-9567, June.
  64. Abdullah Emre Caglar, 2023. "Can nuclear energy technology budgets pave the way for a transition toward low‐carbon economy: Insights from the United Kingdom," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(1), pages 198-210, February.
  65. Muntasir Murshed & Uzma Khan & Aarif Mohammad Khan & Ilhan Ozturk, 2023. "Can energy productivity gains harness the carbon dioxide‐inhibiting agenda of the Next 11 countries? Implications for achieving sustainable development," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(1), pages 307-320, February.
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