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Wem wird gegeben? Matthäus-Effekte und geschlechtsspezifische Ungleichheiten auf dem Arbeitsmarkt für Filmschauspieler

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  • Lutter, Mark

Abstract

Reputation und Erfolgsanhäufungen spielen insbesondere in der postfordistischen Arbeitswelt eine bedeutsame Rolle. Das multiplikative Zusammenwirken zwischen derartigen 'Matthäus-Effekten' und geschlechtsspezifischen Ungleichheiten ist allerdings bislang kaum Gegenstand soziologischer Forschung gewesen. Folglich ist unklar, wie sich kumulierte berufliche Erfolge im Zeitverlauf auf Karriereungleichheiten zwischen den Geschlechtern auswirken. Verstärkt der Matthäuseffekt bestehende Genderdisparitäten? Oder hebelt er sie aus? Mithilfe eines Längsschnittdatensatzes, der vollständige Karriereverläufe von 8.146 deutschsprachigen Schauspielern im Zeitraum zwischen 1900 und 2010 erfasst, wird gezeigt, dass sich Erfolgsakkumulationen für Frauen vorteilhaft auswirken. Insgesamt bestehen zwar deutliche geschlechtsspezifische Ungleichheiten - Frauen haben signifikant schlechtere Chancen als Männer -, diese nivellieren sich jedoch mit der Anhäufung von Filmpreisen auf ein statistisch nicht mehr von null zu unterscheidendes Niveau. Die Ursachen könnten mit der über Erfolg gesteigerten Aufmerksamkeit zusammenhängen, die imstande ist, Opportunitäten für Benachteiligungen zu reduzieren.

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  • Lutter, Mark, 2012. "Wem wird gegeben? Matthäus-Effekte und geschlechtsspezifische Ungleichheiten auf dem Arbeitsmarkt für Filmschauspieler," MPIfG Discussion Paper 12/8, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:mpifgd:128
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