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Die Auswirkung der Digitalisierung auf CO2-Emissionen: Theoretische Einzeleffekte und empirische Abschätzung des Gesamteffekts

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  • Briglauer, Wolfgang
  • Köppl-Turyna, Monika

Abstract

Der "Megatrend" Digitalisierung bietet auf Basis von Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien (IKT) erhebliche Potenziale für Effizienzverbesserungen und die Reduktion von Transaktionskosten in beinahe allen relevanten gesamtwirtschaftlichen Bereichen. Neben den bereits in der Literatur vielfach nachgewiesenen Innovations- und Effizienzpotenzialen kann Digitalisierung auch für den Umwelt- und Klimaschutz nutzbar gemacht werden. Der Klimaschutz und Maßnahmen zur Eindämmung des Klimawandels sind national wie international bestimmende Themen der öffentlichen Debatte. In gegenständlicher Policy Note wird zunächst ein Überblick über die möglichen Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung im Hinblick auf die großen wirtschaftlichen Sektoren und deren Verflechtungen sowohl auf den Ressourcenverbrauch als auch auf die Potenziale der Ressourcen- und Energieeinsparung gegeben. Generell lässt sich beobachten, dass sektorenübergreifende Anwendungen auch durch für die reibungslose Datenübertragung verantwortlichen Telekommunikationsanbieter, ermöglicht werden können ("Enablereffekt"), jedoch besteht die Gefahr von Reboundeffekten, da die größeren Datenmengen, die in kürzerer Zeit übertragen werden können, zahlreiche neue Anwendungen ermöglichen, die dann wiederum den Datenaustausch ankurbeln und damit wiederum auch den Energiebedarf insgesamt erhöhen. Hinzu kommen sogenannte Obsoleszenzeffekte, durch vorzeitige Entsorgung noch funktionstüchtiger Komponenten infolge von Innovationen. Angesichts vielschichtiger und gegenläufiger Effekte lässt sich a priori nichts über den Gesamteffekt der Digitalisierung auf den Ressourcenverbrauch im Allgemeinen und den CO2-Emissionen im Speziellen sagen. [...]

Suggested Citation

  • Briglauer, Wolfgang & Köppl-Turyna, Monika, 2021. "Die Auswirkung der Digitalisierung auf CO2-Emissionen: Theoretische Einzeleffekte und empirische Abschätzung des Gesamteffekts," Policy Notes 46, EcoAustria – Institute for Economic Research.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ecoapn:46
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