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Universal Pensions in Low Income Countries

Author

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  • Larry Willmore

    (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis)

Abstract

Most workers in developing countries have no access to pensions in old age. Well-intentioned reformers have concentrated on privatization, but this does nothing to expand coverage. Non-contributory, universal pensions automatically protect an entire population, in a way that contributory pensions - public or private - never can. This paper explores the feasibility of introducing such pensions in low-income countries. October 2004 revised and expanded edition of the September 2001 paper. Initiative for Policy Dialogue Working Paper No. IPD-01-05.

Suggested Citation

  • Larry Willmore, 2004. "Universal Pensions in Low Income Countries," Public Economics 0412002, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:wpa:wuwppe:0412002
    Note: Type of Document - pdf; pages: 22. Discussion Paper No. IPD- 01-05Initiative for Policy Dialogue, Pensions and Social Insurance Section,
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    File URL: https://econwpa.ub.uni-muenchen.de/econ-wp/pe/papers/0412/0412002.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Case, Anne & Deaton, Angus, 1998. "Large Cash Transfers to the Elderly in South Africa," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 108(450), pages 1330-1361, September.
    2. Subbarao, Kalanidhi, 1998. "Namibia's social safety net : issues and options for reform," Policy Research Working Paper Series 1996, The World Bank.
    3. Larry Willmore, 2004. "Universal Pensions in Mauritius: Lessons for the Rest of Us," Public Economics 0412003, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Holzmann, Robert & Packard, Truman & Cuesta, Jose, 2000. "Extending coverage in multi-pillar pension systems : constraints and hypotheses, preliminary evidence and future research agenda," Social Protection Discussion Papers and Notes 21303, The World Bank.
    5. John, Susan St. & Willmore, Larry, 2001. "Two Legs are Better than Three: New Zealand as a Model for Old Age Pensions," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 29(8), pages 1291-1305, August.
    6. James, Estelle, 1999. "Coverage under old-agesecurity programs and protection for the uninsured - What are the issues?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2163, The World Bank.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Willmore, Larry, 2007. "Universal Pensions for Developing Countries," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 24-51, January.
    2. Robert Holzmann & Richard Hinz, 2005. "Old Age Income Support in the 21st century: An International Perspective on Pension Systems and Reform," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 7336, December.
    3. Cuadros, Jéssica & Jiménez, Luis Felipe, 2003. "Expanding the coverage of pension systems in Latin America," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), April.
    4. David Robalino, 2005. "Pensions in the Middle East and North Africa: Time for Change," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 7427, December.
    5. Jean-Jacques Dethier & Pierre Pestieau & Rabia Ali, 2011. "The impact of a minimum pension on old age poverty and its budgetary cost. Evidence from Latin America," Revista de Economía del Rosario, Universidad del Rosario, November.
    6. Nanak Kakwani & Hyun H. Son & Richard Hinz, 2006. "Poverty, Old-Age and Social Pensions in Kenya," Working Papers 24, International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth.
    7. Zou, Tieding, 2013. "公平与效率的两难抉择——关于养老改革影响因素的一个文献综述 [The Dilemma Between Efficiency and Equity——A Literature Review for the Affecting Factors of Pension Reforming]," MPRA Paper 49578, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 29 Aug 2013.
    8. Palacios, Robert & Sluchynsky, Oleksiy, 2006. "Social pensions Part I : their role in the overall pension system," Social Protection Discussion Papers and Notes 36237, The World Bank.
    9. Barrientos, Armando, 2002. "Comparing Pension Schemes in Chile, Singapore, Brazil and South Africa," General Discussion Papers 30560, University of Manchester, Institute for Development Policy and Management (IDPM).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    social security; pension reform; citizen's pension;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H55 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Social Security and Public Pensions

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