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Technical Change, Pecuniary Externality and the Market Failure

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  • Hom M. Pant

    (University of Tasmania)

Abstract

First, a small open economy is analyzed to show that even a complete and competitive market may fail to produce Pareto-efficient outcomes under conditions of changing technology. It is mainly because price- taking agents can make the prices they face by changing their technology or technique of production. It is then shown that this result holds equally true for the regional sub-economies of this economy. A legal provision of R&D tax/subsidy based on payroll changes is shown to be a second best policy that corrects the market failure with a small dead- weight loss. This policy does not require actual tax collection or subsidy payment and may be used by regional governments to correct technological market failure at regional levels. The provision improves the functioning of the market by eliminating the mismatch between the type of production sector and the type of technological/technical change they introduce.

Suggested Citation

  • Hom M. Pant, 1996. "Technical Change, Pecuniary Externality and the Market Failure," GE, Growth, Math methods 9609001, EconWPA, revised 30 Apr 1997.
    • Handle: RePEc:wpa:wuwpge:9609001
    Note: Type of Document - Word 7.0; prepared on IBM PC ; to print on HP LaserJet 4; pages: 20; figures: included
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wildasin, David E, 1988. "Indirect Distributional Effects in Benefit-Cost Analysis of Small Projects," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 98(392), pages 801-807, September.
    2. Foster, Edward, 1983. "Rents and Pecuniary Externalities in Cost-Benefit Analysis: Reply," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 73(5), pages 1171-1172, December.
    3. Makowski, Louis & Ostroy, Joseph M, 1995. "Appropriation and Efficiency: A Revision of the First Theorem of Welfare Economics," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 85(4), pages 808-827, September.
    4. Ng, Yew-Kwang, 1983. "Rents and Pecuniary Externalities in Cost-Benefit Analysis: Comment," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 73(5), pages 1163-1170, December.
    5. Tibor Scitovsky, 1954. "Two Concepts of External Economies," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 62, pages 143-143.
    6. Scotchmer, Suzanne, 1986. "Local public goods in an equilibrium : How pecuniarv externalities matter," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 463-481, November.
    7. Lee Hsien Loong & Richard Zeckhauser, 1982. "Pecuniary Externalities Do Matter When Contingent Claims Markets are Incomplete," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Oxford University Press, vol. 97(1), pages 171-179.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Technical Change; Pecuniary Externality; Market Failure;

    JEL classification:

    • D6 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics
    • O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth
    • P - Economic Systems

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