IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/vpi/aaecpp/aaecpp2025-01.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Non-Tariff Measures and U.S. Agricultural Exports

Author

Listed:
  • Yunus Emre Karagulle

    (Center for Agricultural Trade, Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Virginia Tech)

  • Charlotte Emlinger

    (CEPII, Paris, France)

  • Jason H. Grant

    (Center for Agricultural Trade, Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Virginia Tech)

Abstract

How much do non-tariff measures (NTMs) affect U.S. agricultural exports? While countries maintain a large and diverse set of NTMs to safeguard the health of plants, animals, and humans, policymakers and regulatory bodies may neglect the impact these measures have on international trade. This paper evaluates the impact of two broad types of NTMs important to U.S. food and agricultural exports: sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures and technical barriers to trade (TBTs). We construct a new database detailing the more prominent SPS and TBT measures impacting U.S. exports as highlighted in the Office of the United States Trade Representative's (USTR) National Trade Estimate (NTE) report from 2007 to 2021. Using a theoretically consistent gravity equation, we find that SPS and TBT measures reduce U.S. agricultural exports by 34.5%, on average, equivalent to a 16.4% ad valorem tariff. However, we find little evidence that these NTMs significantly affect the probability of U.S. exports or export survival in destination markets (i.e., the probability of export failure) suggesting that these measures primarily impact variable trade costs and the intensive margin of trade.

Suggested Citation

  • Yunus Emre Karagulle & Charlotte Emlinger & Jason H. Grant, 2025. "Non-Tariff Measures and U.S. Agricultural Exports," Papers aaecpp2025-01, AAEC Published Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:vpi:aaecpp:aaecpp2025-01
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://repecarchive.aaec.vt.edu/aaecpp/aaecpp2025-01.pdf
    File Function: Full article
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:vpi:aaecpp:aaecpp2025-01. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Nancy Moseley (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.