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Mapping the Occupational Segregation of White Women in the U.S.: Differences across Metropolitan Areas

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  • Olga Alonso-Villar
  • Coral del Río

Abstract

This paper investigates the occupational segregation of white women in the U.S. at a metropolitan area level. Our results show substantial variation across areas and suggest that the national scale does not reveal the real situation of white women. The proportion of white women who would have to shift occupations to achieve zero segregation ranges between 20% in some areas and 40% in others. The consequences that occupational segregation has in terms of earnings also vary dramatically within the country, which suggests that in dealing with labor inequalities, local authorities should play an active role.

Suggested Citation

  • Olga Alonso-Villar & Coral del Río, 2015. "Mapping the Occupational Segregation of White Women in the U.S.: Differences across Metropolitan Areas," Working Papers 1504, Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Economía Aplicada.
    • Handle: RePEc:vig:wpaper:1504
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Frankel, David M. & Volij, Oscar, 2011. "Measuring school segregation," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 146(1), pages 1-38, January.
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    6. Alonso-Villar, Olga & del Río, Coral, 2010. "Local versus overall segregation measures," Mathematical Social Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 60(1), pages 30-38, July.
    7. Olga Alonso-Villar & Coral Del Río, 2017. "Local Segregation and Well-Being," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 63(2), pages 269-287, June.
    8. Olga Alonso-Villar & Coral del Rio, 2013. "The occupational segregation of Black women in the United States: A look at its evolution from 1940 to 2010," Working Papers 304, ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality.
    9. Francine Blau & Peter Brummund & Albert Liu, 2013. "Trends in Occupational Segregation by Gender 1970–2009: Adjusting for the Impact of Changes in the Occupational Coding System," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 50(2), pages 471-492, April.
    10. Francisco Perales & Sergi Vidal, 2015. "Looking Inwards: Towards a Geographically Sensitive Approach to Occupational Sex Segregation," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(4), pages 582-598, April.
    11. Suzanne Bianchi & Nancy Rytina, 1986. "The decline in occupational sex segregation during the 19705: census and cps comparisons," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 23(1), pages 79-86, February.
    12. Olga Alonso-Villar & Coral Del Rio & Carlos Gradin, 2012. "The Extent of Occupational Segregation in the United States: Differences by Race, Ethnicity, and Gender," Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 51(2), pages 179-212, April.
    13. Moshe Semyonov & Richard Scott, 1983. "Industrial shifts, female employment, and occupational differentiation: a dynamic model for American cities, 1960–1970," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 20(2), pages 163-176, May.
    14. repec:bla:ecorec:v:64:y:1988:i:186:p:187-95 is not listed on IDEAS
    15. repec:bla:ecorec:v:68:y:1992:i:202:p:276-77 is not listed on IDEAS
    16. Francine Blau & Peter Brummund & Albert Liu, 2013. "Erratum to: Trends in Occupational Segregation by Gender 1970–2009: Adjusting for the Impact of Changes in the Occupational Coding System," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 50(2), pages 493-494, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Olga Alonso-Villar & Coral Río, 2023. "Disentangling Occupational Sorting from Within-Occupation Disparities: Earnings Differences Among 12 Gender–Race/Ethnicity Groups in the U.S," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 42(3), pages 1-28, June.
    2. Coral del Rio & Olga Alonso-Villar, 2015. "Segregation and social welfare," Working Papers 378, ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality.
    3. Coral Río & Olga Alonso-Villar, 2019. "Occupational segregation by sexual orientation in the U.S.: exploring its economic effects on same-sex couples," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 439-467, June.
    4. Coral del Río & Olga Alonso-Villar, 2018. "Social Welfare Losses Due to Occupational Segregation by Gender and Race/Ethnicity in the U.S.: Are There Differences across Regions?," Working Papers 1802, Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Economía Aplicada.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population
    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J71 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - Hiring and Firing
    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement

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