IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/unm/unuint/200406.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Non-Tariff Measures, Technological Capability Building and Exports in India's Pharmaceutical Firms

Author

Listed:
  • Wignaraja, Ganeshan
  • Nixson, Frederick

Abstract

As tariffs fall over time, attention inevitably focuses on non-tariff measures (NTMs). Governments are increasingly imposing mandatory technical regulations on products for reasons of security, health or the environment and have facilitated the introduction of non-mandatory (voluntary) standards for products in order to facilitate their utilisation. The WTO administers the implementation of the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) and the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS), which together constitute the core of modern NTMs. This paper presents a case study of the effects of NTMs on Indian pharmaceutical exports (bulk drugs and formulations). Within the broad context of India's recent export performance, market access, competitiveness and technological capability building, the study utilises enterprise-level data to identify the type and nature of NTMs faced in export markets, the compliance with NTMs (including preliminary estimates of the costs of compliance), technology strategies of enterprises in response to NTMs and institutional support. The study highlights differing perceptions as to the significance of NTMs, the importance of firm-level research, lessons for other low- income economies and the need for enterprises to adopt offensive technological strategies. The study concludes by identifying a number of domestic constraints and market failures that are at least as important as NTMs in explaining India's relatively poor export performance

Suggested Citation

  • Wignaraja, Ganeshan & Nixson, Frederick, 2004. "Non-Tariff Measures, Technological Capability Building and Exports in India's Pharmaceutical Firms," UNU-INTECH Discussion Paper Series 2004-06, United Nations University - INTECH.
    • Handle: RePEc:unm:unuint:200406
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.merit.unu.edu/publications/discussion-papers/2004-6.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Arvind Panagariya, 1999. "The WTO Trade Policy Review of India, 1998," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 22(6), pages 799-824, August.
    2. Sanjaya Lall, 2001. "Competitiveness, Technology and Skills," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 2298.
    3. Lall, Sanjaya, 1999. "India's Manufactured Exports: Comparative Structure and Prospects," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 27(10), pages 1769-1786, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Pasadilla, Gloria & Liao, Christine Marie, 2007. "Market Access Limitations of the Philippines in the EU Market," Discussion Papers DP 2007-15, Philippine Institute for Development Studies.
    2. Chen, Yufeng & Zhang, Shun & Miao, Jiafeng, 2023. "The negative effects of the US-China trade war on innovation: Evidence from the Chinese ICT industry," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Lall, Somik V. & Mengistae, Taye, 2005. "Business environment, clustering, and industry location : evidence from Indian cities," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3675, The World Bank.
    2. Ha-Joon Chang & Antonio Andreoni, 2021. "Bringing Production Back into Development: An introduction," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 33(2), pages 165-178, April.
    3. Abhijit Sharma & Theodore Panagiotidis, 2005. "An Analysis of Exports and Growth in India: Cointegration and Causality Evidence (1971–2001)," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 9(2), pages 232-248, May.
    4. Khanindra Ch. Das, 2013. "Home Country Determinants of Outward FDI from Developing Countries," Margin: The Journal of Applied Economic Research, National Council of Applied Economic Research, vol. 7(1), pages 93-116, February.
    5. Li Yao & Jie Lu & Pingjun Sun, 2019. "Venture Capital and Industrial Structure Upgrading from the Perspective of Spatial Spillover," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-16, November.
    6. Archibugi, Daniele & Coco, Alberto, 2004. "A New Indicator of Technological Capabilities for Developed and Developing Countries (ArCo)," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 32(4), pages 629-654, April.
    7. repec:ilo:ilowps:369852 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Srinivasan, T.N., 2001. "India's Reform of External Sector Policies and Future Multilateral Trade Negotiations," Center Discussion Papers 28428, Yale University, Economic Growth Center.
    9. Saba Firdousi, 2016. "Technology in the Sialkot Gloves Manufacturing Sector," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 21(Special E), pages 253-272, September.
    10. Dirk Dohse & Rajeev K. Goel & Michael A. Nelson, 2019. "What induces firms to license foreign technologies? International survey evidence," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(7), pages 799-814, October.
    11. Lall, Sanjaya & Albaladejo, Manuel, 2004. "China's Competitive Performance: A Threat to East Asian Manufactured Exports?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 32(9), pages 1441-1466, September.
    12. Kruss, Glenda & McGrath, Simon & Petersen, Il-haam & Gastrow, Michael, 2015. "Higher education and economic development: The importance of building technological capabilities," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 22-31.
    13. Poncet, Sandra & Starosta de Waldemar, Felipe, 2013. "Export Upgrading and Growth: The Prerequisite of Domestic Embeddedness," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 104-118.
    14. Oyelaran-Oyeyinka, Banji & Gehl Sampath, Padmashree, 2006. "Rough Road to Market: Institutional Barriers to Innovations in Africa," MERIT Working Papers 2006-026, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    15. Monteagudo, Josefina & Rojas, Laura & Stabilito, Augusto & Watanuki, Masakazu, 2004. "The New Challenges of the Regional Trade Agenda for the Andean Countries," Conference papers 331234, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    16. Carlo Pietrobelli & Cornelia Staritz, 2018. "Upgrading, Interactive Learning, and Innovation Systems in Value Chain Interventions," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 30(3), pages 557-574, July.
    17. Helena Barnard & Robin Cowan & Moritz Müller, 2016. "On the value of foreign PhDs in the developing world: Training versus selection effects," Working Papers of BETA 2016-04, Bureau d'Economie Théorique et Appliquée, UDS, Strasbourg.
    18. José Antonio Ocampo & María Angela Parra, 2007. "The Dual Divergence: Growth Successes and Collapses in the Developing World Since 1980," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Ricardo Ffrench-Davis & José Luis Machinea (ed.), Economic Growth with Equity, chapter 4, pages 61-92, Palgrave Macmillan.
    19. Sanjaya Lall & John Weiss & Hiroshi Oikawa, 2005. "China's Competitive Threat to Latin America: An Analysis for 1990-2002," Oxford Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(2), pages 163-194.
    20. L, lakshmanan & S, Chinngaihlian & Raj, Rajesh, 2007. "Competitiveness of India's Manufacturing Sector: An Assessment of Related Issues," MPRA Paper 9801, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 16 Jan 2008.
    21. Zewdie Habte Shikur, 2020. "Industrial policy measure and economic structure in Ethiopia: the case of Oromia region," International Journal of Economic Policy Studies, Springer, vol. 14(1), pages 255-274, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:unm:unuint:200406. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Ad Notten (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/meritnl.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.