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Un estudio sobre las disparidades regionales en Colombia a través del análisis exploratorio y confirmatorio de datos espaciales, 1985 – 2010
[A study of regional gaps in Colombia through exploratory and confirmatory spatial data analysis: 1985-2010]

Author

Listed:
  • Loaiza Quintero, Osmar Leandro
  • Moncada Mesa, Jhonny

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to study the evolution of regional differences in Colombia from 1993 to 2005. This paper uses information at the municipal (county) level about poverty and city council’s income. It is found that Colombia’s political territory is polarized around two classes of clusters: one of low poverty and high income city councils, and other of widespread poverty and low income municipalities. The first cluster is located in the country’s interior, in the Andean region and is delimited by the country’s three main cities. The second cluster comprises the bulk of the Atlantic (North) and Pacific (West) regions, as well as the Southern and Eastern parts of Colombia. Apparently, there’s evidence pointing to some positive externalities arising from proximity to one of the main three cities or being close to the transit corridors that connect each of them. Finally, three spatial regression models are estimated that found, rather surprisingly, that there’s been a slow process of convergence among Colombia’s municipalities (in tributary income). This result may by explained mainly through a process of contagion that is taking place mainly in the neighborhood of Colombia’s top three metropolitan areas, as the gap with the more distant and poor municipalities persists. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la evolución de las diferencias entre regiones en Colombia, desde 1985 hasta 2010. Este artículo utiliza información a escala municipal sobre el nivel de pobreza y el nivel de ingresos. Se encuentra que el territorio Colombiano está polarizado alrededor de dos clusters: uno compuesto por municipios con baja pobreza y alto ingreso tributario, y otro de alta pobreza y bajos ingresos tributarios. El primero está ubicado en el interior del país, en la región andina y está delimitado por las tres ciudades principales en Colombia. El segundo comprende el grueso de la región Atlántica y Pacífica, y partes del Sur y el Oriente del país. Aparentemente, hay evidencia que apunta a la existencia de externalidades positivas que surgen de la proximidad a alguna de las tres ciudades principales o de la cercanía a los corredores viales que las conectan. Finalmente, se ajustan tres modelos de regresión espacial, los cuales encuentran de manera un poco sorprendente que existe un lento proceso de convergencia entre las municipalidades de Colombia (en ingresos tributarios). Este resultado puede ser explicado principalmente a través de un proceso de contagio que está teniendo lugar en las cercanías de las tres principales áreas metropolitanas, puesto que las brechas con respecto a poblaciones más distantes aún persisten.

Suggested Citation

  • Loaiza Quintero, Osmar Leandro & Moncada Mesa, Jhonny, 2013. "Un estudio sobre las disparidades regionales en Colombia a través del análisis exploratorio y confirmatorio de datos espaciales, 1985 – 2010 [A study of regional gaps in Colombia through explorator," MPRA Paper 47735, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 20 Jun 2013.
  • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:47735
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bonet-Morón, Jaime Alfredo & Meisel-Roca, Adolfo, 2001. "La convergencia regional en Colombia : una visión de largo plazo, 1926-1995," Chapters, in: Meisel-Roca, Adolfo (ed.), Regiones, ciudades y crecimiento económico en Colombia, chapter 1, pages 11-56, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    2. Robert J. Barro, 1991. "A Cross-Country Study of Growth, Saving, and Government," NBER Chapters, in: National Saving and Economic Performance, pages 271-304, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    4. Barro, R.J. & Sala-i-Martin, X., 1991. "Regional Growth and Migration: a Japan - U.S. Comparaison," Papers 650, Yale - Economic Growth Center.
    5. Galvis-Aponte, Luis Armando & Meisel-Roca, Adolfo, 2011. "Persistencia de las desigualdades regionales en Colombia : un análisis espacial," Chapters, in: Bonilla-Mejía, Leonardo (ed.), Dimensión regional de las desigualdades en Colombia, chapter 1, pages 3-32, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    6. Barro, Robert J & Sala-i-Martin, Xavier, 1992. "Convergence," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 100(2), pages 223-251, April.
      • Barro, R.J. & Sala-I-Martin, X., 1991. "Convergence," Papers 645, Yale - Economic Growth Center.
      • Barro, Robert J. & Sala-i-Martin, Xavier, 1992. "Convergence," Scholarly Articles 3451299, Harvard University Department of Economics.
    7. Pérez-Valbuena, Gerson Javier, 2008. "Dimensión espacial de la pobreza en Colombia," Chapters, in: Bonet-Morón, Jaime Alfredo (ed.), Geografía económica y análisis espacial en Colombia, chapter 5, pages 175-222, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    8. Vicente Royuela & Gustavo Adolfo Garc�a, 2015. "Economic and Social Convergence in Colombia," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(2), pages 219-239, February.
    9. Galvis-Aponte, Luis Armando & Meisel-Roca, Adolfo, 2001. "El crecimiento económico de las ciudades colombianas y sus determinantes, 1973-1998," Chapters, in: Meisel-Roca, Adolfo (ed.), Regiones, ciudades y crecimiento económico en Colombia, chapter 2, pages 57-90, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    10. Robert J. Barro & Xavier Sala-i-Martin, 1991. "Convergence across States and Regions," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 22(1), pages 107-182.
    11. Boris Branisa & Adriana Cardozo, 2009. "Revisiting the Regional Growth Convergence Debate in Colombia Using Income Indicators," Ibero America Institute for Econ. Research (IAI) Discussion Papers 194, Ibero-America Institute for Economic Research, revised 21 Aug 2009.
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    Cited by:

    1. Loaiza, Osmar & Muñetón, Guberney & Vanegas, Gabriel, 2014. "The relationship between multidimensional poverty and armed conflict: the case of Antioquia, Colombia," MPRA Paper 62462, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 30 Jan 2015.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Regional economics; regional disparities; exploratory spatial data analysis; spatial regression; convergence. Economía regional; análisis exploratorio de datos espaciales; regresión espacial; convergencia.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C21 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models
    • R10 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - General
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)

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