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Young and Out in Germany: On the Youths' Chances of Labor Market Entrance in Germany

Author

Listed:
  • Wolfgang Franz
  • Joachim Inkmann
  • Winfried Pohlmeier
  • Volker Zimmermann

Abstract

This paper deals with the labor market entrance of young people in the Federal Republic" of Germany. The main focus is on failures during this stage. First, an overview of the youth" labor market in Germany is given. Then, the transition from vocational training to work is" analyzed: The duration of the first spell of non-employment after completion of formal" vocational training is analyzed by means of a proportional hazard function approach. Besides the" strong influence of the human capital variables there is a striking effect of the family background" of the youths. The following section addresses the extent to which early failures in the work" history have long-lasting effects on future incomes. There is some evidence for a permanent" income reduction.

Suggested Citation

  • Wolfgang Franz & Joachim Inkmann & Winfried Pohlmeier & Volker Zimmermann, 1997. "Young and Out in Germany: On the Youths' Chances of Labor Market Entrance in Germany," NBER Working Papers 6212, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:6212
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rainer Winkelmann, 1997. "How young workers get their training: A survey of Germany versus the United States," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 10(2), pages 159-170.
    2. Thomas J. Kane & Dietmar Harhoff, 1997. "Is the German apprenticeship system a panacea for the U.S. labor market?," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 10(2), pages 171-196.
    3. Lynch, Lisa M., 1985. "State dependency in youth unemployment : A lost generation?," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 28(1), pages 71-84, April.
    4. Han, Aaron & Hausman, Jerry A, 1990. "Flexible Parametric Estimation of Duration and Competing Risk Models," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 5(1), pages 1-28, January-M.
    5. Lynch, Lisa M, 1989. "The Youth Labor Market in the Eighties: Determinants of Re-employment Probabilities for Young Men and Women," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 71(1), pages 37-45, February.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Möller Joachim & Umkehrer Matthias, 2015. "Are there Long-Term Earnings Scars from Youth Unemployment in Germany?," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 235(4-5), pages 474-498, August.
    2. Josef Fersterer & Jörn-Steffen Pischke & Rudolf Winter-Ebmer, 2008. "Returns to Apprenticeship Training in Austria: Evidence from Failed Firms," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 110(4), pages 733-753, December.
    3. Regina T. Riphahn & Michael Zibrowius, 2015. "Apprenticeship, Vocational Training and Early Labor Market Outcomes - in East and West Germany," CESifo Working Paper Series 5254, CESifo Group Munich.
    4. Regina T. Riphahn, 2002. "Residential location and youth unemployment: The economic geography of school-to-work transitions," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 15(1), pages 115-135.
    5. Paul Ryan, 2001. "The School-to-Work Transition: A Cross-National Perspective," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 39(1), pages 34-92, March.
    6. Stefan Bender & Till von Wachter, 2006. "In the Right Place at the Wrong Time: The Role of Firms and Luck in Young Workers' Careers," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 96(5), pages 1679-1705, December.
    7. Rob Euwals & Rainer Winkelmann, 2003. "Training Intensity and First Labor Market Outcomes of Apprenticeship Graduates," SOI - Working Papers 0308, Socioeconomic Institute - University of Zurich.
    8. Regina T. Riphahn & Michael Zibrowius, 2013. "Apprenticeship Training and Early Labor Market Outcomes in East and West Germany," Working Papers 136, Bavarian Graduate Program in Economics (BGPE).
    9. Niall O'Higgins, 2005. "The Challenge of Youth Unemployment," Labor and Demography 0507003, EconWPA.
    10. Dominique Lemmermann & Regina T. Riphahn, 2016. "The causal effect of age at migration on youth educational attainment," Working Papers 166, Bavarian Graduate Program in Economics (BGPE).
    11. Klaus Schömann & Christoph Hilbert, 1998. "The Youth Labour Market in Germany - a New Target Group for German Labour Market Policies?," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 67(4), pages 272-285.
    12. Kathrin Bertschy & Alejandra Cattaneo & Stefan C. Wolter, 2008. "What happened to the PISA 2000 participants five years later?," Economics of Education Working Paper Series 0013, University of Zurich, Department of Business Administration (IBW).
    13. Michael Zibrowius, 2013. "Ethnic background and youth unemployment in Germany," Working Papers 138, Bavarian Graduate Program in Economics (BGPE).
    14. O'Higgins, Niall, 2001. "Youth unemployment and employment policy: a global perspective," MPRA Paper 23698, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    15. Raaum, Oddbjørn & Røed, Knut, 2003. "Do Business Cycle Conditions at the Time of Labour Market Entry Affect Future Unemployment?," Memorandum 12/2002, Oslo University, Department of Economics.
    16. Franz, Wolfgang & Zimmermann, Volker, 2001. "Job shopping after vocational training? An empirical analysis of the transition from apprenticeship training to work," ZEW Discussion Papers 01-64, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research.
    17. Regina T. Riphahn, 2010. "Residential Location and Youth Unemployment: The Economic Geography of School-To-Work," Working Papers id:2648, eSocialSciences.
    18. Euwals, Rob & Winkelmann, Rainer, 2001. "Why Do Firms Train? Empirical Evidence on the First Labour Market Outcomes of Graduated Apprentices," IZA Discussion Papers 319, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
    19. Pfeiffer, Friedhelm & Seiberlich, Ruben R., 2009. "A socio-economic analysis of youth disconnectedness," ZEW Discussion Papers 09-070, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research.
    20. Brzinsky-Fay, Christian, 2006. "Lost in transition: labour market entry sequences of school leavers in Europe," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Labor Market Policy and Employment SP I 2006-111, Social Science Research Center Berlin (WZB).
    21. Inkmann, Joachim & Klotz, Stefan & Pohlmeier, Winfried, 1998. "Growing into Work - Pseudo Panel Data Evidence on Labor Market Entrance in Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 98-47, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research.
    22. Lassibille, Gerard & Navarro Gomez, Lucia & Aguilar Ramos, Isabel & de la O Sanchez, Carolina, 2001. "Youth transition from school to work in Spain," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 139-149, April.
    23. Hans Dietrich & Joachim Möller, 2016. "Youth unemployment in Europe – business cycle and institutional effects," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 13(1), pages 5-25, January.
    24. Katja Coneus & Johannes Gernandt & Marianne Saam, 2011. "Noncognitive Skills, School Achievements and Educational Dropout," Schmollers Jahrbuch : Journal of Applied Social Science Studies / Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, vol. 131(4), pages 547-568.
    25. Coneus, Katja & Gernandt, Johannes & Saam, Marianne, 2008. "Noncognitive Skills, Internet Use and Educational Dropout," ZEW Discussion Papers 08-044, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • C25 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors; Proportions; Probabilities

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