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Ségrégation sociale à l'Université : des disparités académiques sur la période 2006-2016

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Abstract

This article is the first quantitative and exhaustive analysis of social segregation in French universities. Over the period 2006-2016, we calculate the Normalized Exposure index of very advantaged and disadvantaged students for each "académies" and levels of education (one-year degree, two-year degree, Bachelor and Master). At the national level, values of Normalized Exposure index reveal the existence of social segregation in French universities, although at lower levels than those highlighted by other articles on secondary education. The geographical analysis of segregation shows that the levels of segregation are not systematically higher in the Île-de-France's "académies" or in those linked to a large agglomeration (Lyon, Aix-Marseille, Lille) as it is the case for secondary school: the overall level of segregation depends little on the size of the académie. However, the level of social segregation proper to advantaged students is positively related to the share of students that come from other "académies". Eventually, we study the levels of segregation by education level: there is a decrease in segregation between the one-year and two-year tertiary degrees, as well as between Bachelor and Master degrees at the national level. However, this overall trend does not seem to be carried by all "académies", but only by a limited number. In addition, there is an important variability of segregation across education levels as far as one "académie" can be characterized by low level of segregation for certain education levels and important ones for others

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre Courtioux & Tristan-Pierre Maury & Johan Seux, 2021. "Ségrégation sociale à l'Université : des disparités académiques sur la période 2006-2016," Documents de travail du Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne 21003, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1), Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne.
    • Handle: RePEc:mse:cesdoc:21003
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    1. Pierre Courtioux & Thais Tristan-Pierre Maury, 2016. "Public, privé et éducation prioritaire : une analyse de la mixité sociale selon le secteur du collège," Documents de travail du Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne 16048, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1), Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne.
    2. Valérie Canals & Claude Diebolt & Magali Jaoul, 2003. "Convergence et disparités régionales du poids de l'enseignement supérieur en France : 1964-2000," Revue d'économie régionale et urbaine, Armand Colin, vol. 0(4), pages 649-669.
    3. Myriam Baron, 2005. "Les migrations étudiantes dans le système universitaire français au début des années 90," Revue d'économie régionale et urbaine, Armand Colin, vol. 0(2), pages 281-300.
    4. Bourguignon, Francois, 1979. "Decomposable Income Inequality Measures," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 47(4), pages 901-920, July.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    regional diversity; segregation index; university;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I23 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Higher Education; Research Institutions
    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality
    • R5 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Regional Government Analysis

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