IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/kgu/wpaper/206.html

Promoting Green or Restricting Gray? An Analysis of Green Portfolio Standards

Author

Listed:
  • Hiroaki Ino

    (School of Economics, Kwansei Gakuin University)

  • Toshihiro Matsumura

    (Institute of Social Science, The University of Tokyo)

Abstract

This study theoretically examines green portfolio standards with monetary penalties in an oligopoly market. We find that green portfolio standards are inefficient policy tools if the purpose of the government is to promote green products, whereas they attain firstbest optimality if the purpose is to restrict non-green products. Green portfolio standards may work well under the mixed aims of promoting green and restricting non-green products. Moreover, by applying the principle of our results, we highlight the inefficiency of an employment promotion program for handicapped workers in Japan.

Suggested Citation

  • Hiroaki Ino & Toshihiro Matsumura, 2020. "Promoting Green or Restricting Gray? An Analysis of Green Portfolio Standards," Discussion Paper Series 206, School of Economics, Kwansei Gakuin University.
    • Handle: RePEc:kgu:wpaper:206
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://192.218.163.163/RePEc/pdf/kgdp206.pdf
    File Function: First version, 2020
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cohen, Alex & Keiser, David A., 2017. "The effectiveness of incomplete and overlapping pollution regulation: Evidence from bans on phosphate in automatic dishwasher detergent," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 53-74.
    2. Hirose, Kosuke & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2020. "A comparison between emission intensity and emission cap regulations," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    3. Ino, Hiroaki & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2021. "Promoting green or restricting gray? An analysis of green portfolio standards," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    4. Stephen P. Holland & Jonathan E. Hughes & Christopher R. Knittel, 2009. "Greenhouse Gas Reductions under Low Carbon Fuel Standards?," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 1(1), pages 106-146, February.
    5. Bento, Antonio M. & Garg, Teevrat & Kaffine, Daniel, 2018. "Emissions reductions or green booms? General equilibrium effects of a renewable portfolio standard," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 78-100.
    6. repec:aen:journl:2010v31-03-a07 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Palmer, Karen & Burtraw, Dallas, 2005. "Cost-effectiveness of renewable electricity policies," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 27(6), pages 873-894, November.
    8. Ino, Hiroaki & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2019. "The equivalence of emission tax with tax-revenue refund and emission intensity regulation," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 126-128.
    9. Richard Schmalensee, 2012. "Evaluating Policies to Increase Electricity Generation from Renewable Energy," Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 6(1), pages 45-64.
    10. Helfand, Gloria E, 1991. "Standards versus Standards: The Effects of Different Pollution Restrictions," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 81(3), pages 622-634, June.
    11. repec:aen:journl:2010v31-01-a05 is not listed on IDEAS
    12. Fischer, Carolyn & Newell, Richard G., 2008. "Environmental and technology policies for climate mitigation," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 55(2), pages 142-162, March.
    13. Böhringer, Christoph & Garcia-Muros, Xaquin & Gonzalez-Eguino, Mikel & Rey, Luis, 2017. "US climate policy: A critical assessment of intensity standards," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(S1), pages 125-135.
    14. repec:aen:journl:33-2-01 is not listed on IDEAS
    15. Ino, Hiroaki & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2021. "Optimality of emission pricing policies based on emission intensity targets under imperfect competition," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    16. Farzin, Y H, 2003. "The Effects of Emissions Standards on Industry," Journal of Regulatory Economics, Springer, vol. 24(3), pages 315-327, November.
    17. Sajal Lahiri & Yoshiyasu Ono, 2007. "Relative Emission Standard versus Tax under Oligopoly: The Role of Free Entry," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 91(2), pages 107-128, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Lefeng Cheng & Mengya Zhang & Pengrong Huang & Wentian Lu, 2024. "Game-Theoretic Approaches for Power-Generation Companies’ Decision-Making in the Emerging Green Certificate Market," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-53, December.
    2. Wencheng Yu & Shaobo Liu & Lili Ding, 2021. "Efficiency Evaluation and Selection Strategies for Green Portfolios under Different Risk Appetites," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-15, February.
    3. Hirose, Kosuke & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2025. "Optimal energy-saving investments and Jevons Paradox in duopoly markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    4. Hirose, Kosuke & Ishihara, Akifumi & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2024. "Tax versus regulations: Polluters’ incentives for loosening industry emission targets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    5. Hirose, Kosuke & Ishihara, Akifumi & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2021. "Tax versus Regulations: Robustness to Polluter Lobbying Against Near-Zero Emission Targets," MPRA Paper 108380, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Hirose, Kosuke & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2022. "Common ownership and environmental Corporate Social Responsibility," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    7. Ino, Hiroaki & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2024. "Are fuel taxes redundant when an emission tax is introduced for life-cycle emissions?," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    8. Liu, Yi & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2025. "Fuel diversification among firms and common ownership," MPRA Paper 125747, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Ino, Hiroaki & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2021. "Promoting green or restricting gray? An analysis of green portfolio standards," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hirose, Kosuke & Ishihara, Akifumi & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2021. "Tax versus Regulations: Robustness to Polluter Lobbying Against Near-Zero Emission Targets," MPRA Paper 108380, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Hirose, Kosuke & Ishihara, Akifumi & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2024. "Tax versus regulations: Polluters’ incentives for loosening industry emission targets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    3. Ino, Hiroaki & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2021. "Optimality of emission pricing policies based on emission intensity targets under imperfect competition," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    4. Hirose, Kosuke & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2022. "Common ownership and environmental Corporate Social Responsibility," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    5. Hirose, Kosuke & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2025. "Optimal energy-saving investments and Jevons Paradox in duopoly markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    6. Hirose, Kosuke & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2020. "A comparison between emission intensity and emission cap regulations," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    7. Kato, Kazuhiko, 2023. "Effects of a uniform relative emission standard in a professional team sports league," MPRA Paper 117009, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Bento, Antonio M. & Garg, Teevrat & Kaffine, Daniel, 2018. "Emissions reductions or green booms? General equilibrium effects of a renewable portfolio standard," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 78-100.
    9. Hirose, Kosuke & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2023. "Green transformation in oligopoly markets under common ownership," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    10. Rudik, Ivan, 2018. "Tradable credit markets for intensity standards," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 202-215.
    11. Hirose, Kosuke & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2018. "An Advantage of Emission Intensity Regulation for Emission Cap Regulation in a Near-Zero Emission Industry," MPRA Paper 90134, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    12. Fleance George Cocker, 2025. "Mixes of Policy Instruments for the Full Decarbonisation of Energy Systems: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-64, January.
    13. Don Fullerton & Chi L. Ta, 2025. "What Determines Effectiveness of Renewable Energy Standards? General Equilibrium Analytical Model and Empirical Analysis," Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, University of Chicago Press, vol. 12(1), pages 65-103.
    14. Becker, Jonathon M., 2023. "Tradable performance standards in a dynamic context," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    15. Bistline, John & Santen, Nidhi & Young, David, 2019. "The economic geography of variable renewable energy and impacts of trade formulations for renewable mandates," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 79-96.
    16. Alejandro Caparrós & Richard E. Just & David Zilberman, 2015. "Dynamic Relative Standards versus Emission Taxes in a Putty-Clay Model," Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, University of Chicago Press, vol. 2(2), pages 277-308.
    17. Derek Lemoine, 2017. "Escape from Third-Best: Rating Emissions for Intensity Standards," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 67(4), pages 789-821, August.
    18. Neerunjun, Nandeeta & Stahn, Hubert, 2025. "Renewable energy support: Pre-announced policies and efficiency," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    19. Nori Tarui, 2017. "Electric utility regulation under enhanced renewable energy integration and distributed generation," Environmental Economics and Policy Studies, Springer;Society for Environmental Economics and Policy Studies - SEEPS, vol. 19(3), pages 503-518, July.
    20. Long, Xianling & Astier, Nicolas & Zhang, Da, 2025. "Is broader trading welfare improving for emission trading systems?," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 130(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • Q58 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Government Policy
    • Q48 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Government Policy
    • L51 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Economics of Regulation

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:kgu:wpaper:206. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Toshihiro Okada (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/dekgujp.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.