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Frühverrentung in Deutschland: Ökonomische Anreize und institutionelle Strukturen

Author

Listed:
  • Arnds, Pascal

    (IZA)

  • Bonin, Holger

    (IHS - Institute for Advanced Studies, Vienna)

Abstract

Das durchschnittliche Rentenzugangsalter in Deutschland liegt erheblich unter der gesetzlichen Regelaltersgrenze. Dieser Beitrag analysiert die arbeitsmarkt- und rentenpolitischen Ursachen der massiven Frühverrentung. Aufbauend auf einem Überblick über ökonomische Konzepte der Ruhestandsentscheidung wird ein Überblick über die Rentenzugangspfade gegeben. Die bestehenden institutionellen Strukturen werden auf Anreize zur Frühverrentung hin untersucht und die empirische Relevanz dieser Anreize illustriert. Für die Zukunft ist ein Anstieg des Rentenzugangsalters zu erwarten, weil bereits beschlossene institutionelle Korrekturen Frühverrentung erschweren. Die bisher getroffenen Maßnahmen reichen jedoch nicht aus, um den Übergang in den Ruhestand anreizneutral zu gestalten. Early Retirement in Germany: Institutions and Incentives A substantial fraction of German workers effectively retires before reaching mandatory retirement age. Starting from a review of the basic economic concepts to explain retirement, this paper surveys the incentives for early exit that are set by labor market policies and Social Security institutions. We explain the various pathways to retirement existing in Germany, and assess the associated economic incentives to retire early. Some evidence is gathered that these incentives are indeed relevant. For the future, we predict that the average retirement age is likely to increase, as a result of institutional changes already enacted. However, these measures are not sufficient to eliminate incentives for early retirement completely.

Suggested Citation

  • Arnds, Pascal & Bonin, Holger, 2002. "Frühverrentung in Deutschland: Ökonomische Anreize und institutionelle Strukturen," IZA Discussion Papers 666, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp666
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Kühntopf, Stephan & Tivig, Thusnelda, 2007. "Renteneintrittsalter und Lebensdauer: Was kostet die Frühverrentung?," Thuenen-Series of Applied Economic Theory 67, University of Rostock, Institute of Economics.
    2. Puhani, Patrick A. & Tabbert, Falko, 2015. "Effects of Changes in Pensions on the Age of First Benefit Receipt: Regression Discontinuity Evidence from Repatriated Ethnic Germans," IZA Discussion Papers 8787, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Dlugosz, Stephan & Stephan, Gesine & Wilke, Ralf A., 2009. "Fixing the leak: Unemployment incidence before and after the 2006 reform of unemployment benefits in Germany," IAB-Discussion Paper 200925, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    4. Marco Caliendo & Jens Hogenacker, 2012. "The German labor market after the Great Recession: successful reforms and future challenges," IZA Journal of European Labor Studies, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 1(1), pages 1-24, December.
    5. Barbara Berkel, 2006. "Retirement Age and Preretirement in German Administrative Data," MEA discussion paper series 06107, Munich Center for the Economics of Aging (MEA) at the Max Planck Institute for Social Law and Social Policy.
    6. Launov, Andrey & Wolff, Joachim & Klasen, Stephan, 2004. "Unemployment Benefits and Unemployment Rates of Low-Skilled and Elder Workers in West Germany: A Search Equilibrium Approach," IZA Discussion Papers 1161, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    7. Bellmann, Lutz & Janik, Florian, 2007. "Firms and Early Retirement: Offers That One Does Not Refuse," IZA Discussion Papers 2931, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    8. repec:jns:jbstat:v:227:y:2007:i:1:p:65-86 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Stefan Arent & Michael Kloß, 2012. "Arbeitsmarktaustritt gleich Renteneintritt? Warum das Renteneintrittsalter nur die halbe Wahrheit ist," ifo Dresden berichtet, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 19(06), pages 22-30, December.
    10. Puhani, Patrick A. & Tabbert, Falko, 2016. "The effects of pension changes on age of first benefit receipt: Regression discontinuity evidence from repatriated ethnic Germans," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 12-23.
    11. Kühntopf, Stephan & Tivig, Thusnelda, 2008. "Early retirement in Germany: Loss of income and lifetime?," Thuenen-Series of Applied Economic Theory 85, University of Rostock, Institute of Economics.
    12. Christoph Borgmann & Matthias Heidler, 2007. "Volatility of Social Security Wealth: Political Risks of Benefit-Rule Changes in Germany," FinanzArchiv: Public Finance Analysis, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, vol. 63(1), pages 83-106, March.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    early retirement; social security incentives; Germany;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J26 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Retirement; Retirement Policies
    • H55 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Social Security and Public Pensions

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