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Actuarial Fairness of Crop Insurance Rates with Constant Rate Relativities

Author

Listed:
  • Babcock, Bruce A.
  • Hart, Chad E.
  • Hayes, Dermot J.

Abstract

Increased availability and demand for low-deductible crop insurance policies have increased focus on crop insurance rating methods. Actuarial fairness cannot be achieved if constant multiplicative factors are used to determine how premiums change as coverage levels increase. A comparison of premium rates generated by the factors used by the two most popular crop insurance products with those generated by a standard yield distribution shows that the popular insurance products overcharge for low-deductible policies in most counties. This overpricing may explain why large premium subsidies were required to induce farmers to move from low-deductible to high-deductible policies beginning in 2001. Key words: crop insurance, moral hazard, premium rates, rating methods, subsidies.

Suggested Citation

  • Babcock, Bruce A. & Hart, Chad E. & Hayes, Dermot J., 2004. "Actuarial Fairness of Crop Insurance Rates with Constant Rate Relativities," Staff General Research Papers Archive 11283, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:isu:genres:11283
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    1. Chambers, Robert G., "undated". "Some Empirical Implications of State-Contingent Production Models," 2006 Conference (50th), February 8-10, 2006, Sydney, Australia 137789, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.
    2. O'Donoghue, Erik, 2014. "The Effects of Premium Subsidies on Demand for Crop Insurance," Economic Research Report 178405, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    3. Lee, Dong Won & Diersen, Matthew A. & Janssen, Larry & Gustafson, Cole R., 2006. "Premium Subsidy Changes and Demand for Crop Insurance," 2006 Agricultural and Rural Finance Markets in Transition, October 2-3, 2006, Washington, DC 133086, Regional Research Committee NC-1014: Agricultural and Rural Finance Markets in Transition.
    4. Hungerford, Ashley, "undated". "Systemic Risk in Wheat Yields," 2014 Annual Meeting, July 27-29, 2014, Minneapolis, Minnesota 169376, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    5. Yang, Juan & Mitchell, Paul D. & Gray, Michael & Steffey, Kevin, 2007. "Unbalanced Nested Component Error Model and the Value of Soil Insecticide and Bt Corn for Controlling Western Corn Rootworm," Staff Paper Series 510, University of Wisconsin, Agricultural and Applied Economics.
    6. Jing Yi & Henry L. Bryant & James W. Richardson, 2020. "How do premium subsidies affect crop insurance demand at different coverage levels: the case of corn," The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice, Palgrave Macmillan;The Geneva Association, vol. 45(1), pages 5-28, January.
    7. Nolan, Elizabeth & Santos, Paulo, 2012. "Insurance premiums and GM traits," 2012 Conference, August 18-24, 2012, Foz do Iguacu, Brazil 125942, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    8. Mitchell, Paul D., 2004. "Nutrient Best Management Practice Insurance and Farmer Perceptions of Adoption Risk," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 36(3), pages 657-673, December.
    9. Tack, Jesse, 2013. "A Nested Test for Common Yield Distributions with Applications to U.S. Corn," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 38(01), pages 1-14, April.
    10. Ozaki, Vitor Augusto & Olinda, Ricardo & Faria, Priscila Neves & Campos, Rogerio Costa, . "Estimation of the Agricultural Probability of Loss: evidence for soybean in Paraná Stats," Brazilian Journal of Rural Economy and Sociology (Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural-RESR), Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural, vol. 52(01), pages 1-16.
    11. Lu, Yue & Ramirez, Octavio A. & Rejesus, Roderick M. & Knight, Thomas O. & Sherrick, Bruce J., 2008. "Empirically Evaluating the Flexibility of the Johnson Family of Distributions: A Crop Insurance Application," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 37(1), pages 79-91, April.
    12. Mitchell, Paul D. & Knight, Thomas O., 2008. "Economic Analysis of Supplemental Deductible Coverage as Recommended in the USDA's 2007 Farm Bill Proposal," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 37(1), pages 117-131, April.
    13. Yi, Jing & Richardson, James & Bryant, Henry, 2016. "How Do Premium Subsidies Affect Crop Insurance Demand at Different Coverage Levels: the Case of Corn," 2016 Annual Meeting, July 31-August 2, Boston, Massachusetts 236249, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    14. Heidelbach, Olaf, 2006. "Efficiency of Selected Risk Management Instruments - An Empirical Analysis of Risk Reduction in Kazakhstani Crop Production," 2006 Annual Meeting, August 12-18, 2006, Queensland, Australia 25243, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    15. Paloch Suchato & Taro Mieno & Karina Schoengold & Timothy Foster, 2022. "The potential for moral hazard behavior in irrigation decisions under crop insurance," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 53(2), pages 257-273, March.
    16. Delbridge, Timothy A. & King, Robert P., 2016. "How Important is the T-Yield? An Analysis of Reforms to Organic Crop Insurance," Staff Papers 244732, University of Minnesota, Department of Applied Economics.
    17. Ozaki, Vitor Augusto & Olinda, Ricardo & Faria, Priscila Neves & Campos, Rogério Costa, 2014. "Estimation of the Agricultural Probability of Loss: evidence for soybean in Paraná State," Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural (RESR), Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural, vol. 52(01), January.
    18. Jisang Yu & Edward D. Perry, 2024. "Premium subsidies and selection in the federal crop insurance program," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 75(1), pages 280-297, February.
    19. Tack, Jesse B., 2013. "The Effect of Climate on Crop Insurance Premium Rates and Producer Subsidies," 2013 Annual Meeting, August 4-6, 2013, Washington, D.C. 149817, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    20. Bozic, Marin & Newton, John & Thraen, Cameron S. & Gould, Brian W., 2012. "Livestock Gross Margin Insurance for Dairy: Designing Margin Insurance Contracts to Account for Tail Dependence Risk," 2012 Annual Meeting, August 12-14, 2012, Seattle, Washington 124718, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    21. Mitchell, Paul D. & Knight, Thomas O., 2007. "Economic Analysis of Supplemental Deductible Coverage as Recommended in the USDA’s 2007 Farm Bill Proposal," Staff Papers 92125, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics.
    22. Roderick M. Rejesus & Barry K. Goodwin & Keith H. Coble & Thomas O. Knight, 2010. "Evaluation of the reference yield calculation method in crop insurance," Agricultural Finance Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 70(3), pages 427-445, November.
    23. Rejesus, Roderick M. & Marra, Michele C. & Roberts, Roland K. & English, Burton C. & Larson, James A. & Paxton, Kenneth W., 2013. "Changes in Producers' Perceptions of Within-Field Yield Variability after Adoption of Cotton Yield Monitors," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 45(2), pages 295-312, May.
    24. Joseph Cooper & Carl Zulauf & Michael Langemeier & Gary Schnitkey, 2012. "Implications of within county yield heterogeneity for modeling crop insurance premiums," Agricultural Finance Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 72(1), pages 134-155, May.

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