IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/ifs/cemmap/07-09.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Principal components and the long run

Author

Listed:
  • Xiaohong Chen

    (Institute for Fiscal Studies and Yale University)

  • Lars Peter Hansen

    (Institute for Fiscal Studies)

  • Jose A. Scheinkman

    (Institute for Fiscal Studies)

Abstract

We investigate a method for extracting nonlinear principal components. These principal components maximize variation subject to smoothness and orthogonality constraints; but we allow for a general class of constraints and densities, including densities without compact support and even densities with algebraic tails. We provide primitive sufficient conditions for the existence of these principal components. We also characterize the limiting behavior of the associated eigenvalues, the objects used to quantify the incremental importance of the principal components. By exploiting the theory of continuous-time, reversible Markov processes, we give a different interpretation of the principal components and the smoothness constraints. When the diffusion matrix is used to enforce smoothness, the principal components maximize long-run variation relative to the overall variation subject to orthogonality constraints. Moreover, the principal components behave as scalar autoregressions with heteroskedastic innovations. Finally, we explore implications for a more general class of stationary, multivariate diffusion processes.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaohong Chen & Lars Peter Hansen & Jose A. Scheinkman, 2009. "Principal components and the long run," CeMMAP working papers CWP07/09, Centre for Microdata Methods and Practice, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
    • Handle: RePEc:ifs:cemmap:07/09
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://cemmap.ifs.org.uk/wps/cwp0709.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. MEDDAHI, Nour, 2001. "An Eigenfunction Approach for Volatility Modeling," Cahiers de recherche 2001-29, Universite de Montreal, Departement de sciences economiques.
    2. Hansen, Lars Peter & Scheinkman, Jose Alexandre, 1995. "Back to the Future: Generating Moment Implications for Continuous-Time Markov Processes," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 63(4), pages 767-804, July.
    3. Darolles, Serge & Florens, Jean-Pierre & Gourieroux, Christian, 2004. "Kernel-based nonlinear canonical analysis and time reversibility," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 119(2), pages 323-353, April.
    4. Hansen, Lars Peter & Alexandre Scheinkman, Jose & Touzi, Nizar, 1998. "Spectral methods for identifying scalar diffusions," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 86(1), pages 1-32, June.
    5. Torben G. Andersen & Tim Bollerslev & Nour Meddahi, 2004. "Analytical Evaluation Of Volatility Forecasts," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 45(4), pages 1079-1110, November.
    6. Serge Darolles & Jean-Pierre Florens & Christian Gourieroux, 2004. "Kernel-based nonlinear canonical analysis and time reversibility," Post-Print halshs-00678062, HAL.
    7. Florens, Jean-Pierre & Renault, Eric & Touzi, Nizar, 1998. "Testing For Embeddability By Stationary Reversible Continuous-Time Markov Processes," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 14(6), pages 744-769, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xiaohong Chen & Lars Peter Hansen & Jose Scheinkman, 2009. "Principal Components and Long Run Implications of Multivariate Diffusions," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 1694, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
    2. Christian Gouriéroux & Eric Renault & Pascale Valery, 2007. "Diffusion Processes with Polynomial Eigenfunctions," Annals of Economics and Statistics, GENES, issue 85, pages 115-130.
    3. Nour Meddahi, 2003. "ARMA representation of integrated and realized variances," Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 6(2), pages 335-356, December.
    4. Christian Gourieroux & Hung T. Nguyen & Songsak Sriboonchitta, 2017. "Nonparametric estimation of a scalar diffusion model from discrete time data: a survey," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 256(2), pages 203-219, September.
    5. repec:adr:anecst:y:2007:i:85:p:05 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Nour Meddahi, 2002. "A theoretical comparison between integrated and realized volatility," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 17(5), pages 479-508.
    7. Meddahi, N., 2001. "An Eigenfunction Approach for Volatility Modeling," Cahiers de recherche 2001-29, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche en économie quantitative, CIREQ.
    8. Meddahi, Nour & Renault, Eric, 2004. "Temporal aggregation of volatility models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 119(2), pages 355-379, April.
    9. Kristensen, Dennis, 2010. "Pseudo-maximum likelihood estimation in two classes of semiparametric diffusion models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 156(2), pages 239-259, June.
    10. Nour Meddahi, 2002. "ARMA Representation of Two-Factor Models," CIRANO Working Papers 2002s-92, CIRANO.
    11. Andersen, Torben G. & Bollerslev, Tim & Meddahi, Nour, 2011. "Realized volatility forecasting and market microstructure noise," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 160(1), pages 220-234, January.
    12. Darolles, Serge & Laurent, Jean-Paul, 2000. "Approximating payoffs and pricing formulas," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 24(11-12), pages 1721-1746, October.
    13. Torben G. ANDERSEN & Tim BOLLERSLEV & Nour MEDDAHI, 2002. "Correcting The Errors : A Note On Volatility Forecast Evaluation Based On High-Frequency Data And Realized Volatilities," Cahiers de recherche 21-2002, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche en économie quantitative, CIREQ.
    14. Escanciano, Juan Carlos & Hoderlein, Stefan & Lewbel, Arthur & Linton, Oliver & Srisuma, Sorawoot, 2021. "Nonparametric Euler Equation Identification And Estimation," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 37(5), pages 851-891, October.
    15. Kim, Jihyun & Meddahi, Nour, 2020. "Volatility regressions with fat tails," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 218(2), pages 690-713.
    16. Jianqing Fan, 2004. "A selective overview of nonparametric methods in financial econometrics," Papers math/0411034, arXiv.org.
    17. Jeremy Berkowitz, 2000. "On identification of continuous time stochastic processes," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2000-07, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    18. Andreou, Elena, 2016. "On the use of high frequency measures of volatility in MIDAS regressions," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 193(2), pages 367-389.
    19. Sizova, Natalia, 2011. "Integrated variance forecasting: Model based vs. reduced form," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 162(2), pages 294-311, June.
    20. Comte, F. & Lacour, C. & Rozenholc, Y., 2010. "Adaptive estimation of the dynamics of a discrete time stochastic volatility model," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 154(1), pages 59-73, January.
    21. Beare, Brendan K. & Seo, Juwon, 2014. "Time Irreversible Copula-Based Markov Models," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 30(5), pages 923-960, October.

    More about this item

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ifs:cemmap:07/09. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Emma Hyman (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/cmifsuk.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.