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Trips and Their CO2-Emissions Induced by a Shopping Center

Author

Listed:
  • Jia, Tao

    (Wuhan University)

  • Carling, Kenneth

    (Dalarna University)

  • Håkansson, Johan

    (Dalarna University)

Abstract

Most of previous studies have focused on the entire trips in a geographic region, while few of them addressed those induced by a city landmark. To address it, this paper explores the trips and their CO2 emissions induced by a shopping center from a time-space perspective and their usage in relocation planning. This is done by the mean of a case study in the city of Borlänge in mid-Sweden, where the trips, to the town’s largest shopping mall in its center, are examined. To do so, we adopt GPS tracking data of car trips that end and start at the shopping center. Thereafter, (1) we analyze the traffic emission patterns from a time-space perspective, where temporal patterns reveal an hourly-based traffic emission dynamics and spatial patterns uncover a heterogeneous distribution of traffic emissions in spatial areas and individual street segments. Further, (2) this study reports that most of the observed trips follow an optimal route in terms of CO2 emissions. In this respect, (3) we evaluate how well located the current shopping center is through a comparison with two competing locations, and we conclude that the two suggested locations, which are close to the current shopping center, do not show a significant improvement in term of CO2 emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Jia, Tao & Carling, Kenneth & Håkansson, Johan, 2013. "Trips and Their CO2-Emissions Induced by a Shopping Center," HUI Working Papers 88, HUI Research.
    • Handle: RePEc:hhs:huiwps:0088
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    5. Jia, Tao & Jiang, Bin, 2012. "Building and analyzing the US airport network based on en-route location information," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 391(15), pages 4031-4042.
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    Cited by:

    1. Carling, Kenneth & Håkansson, Johan & Jia, Tao, 2013. "Out-of-Town Shopping and Its Induced CO2-Emissions," HUI Working Papers 87, HUI Research.
    2. Carling, Kenneth & Håkansson, Johan & Meng, Xiangli & Rudholm, Niklas, 2017. "The effect on CO2 emissions of taxing truck distance in retail transports," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 47-54.
    3. Carling, Kenneth & Håkansson, Johan & Meng, Xiangli & Rudholm, Niklas, 2015. "The effects of taxing truck distance on CO2 emissions from transports in retailing," HUI Working Papers 111, HUI Research.
    4. Carling, Kenneth & HÃ¥kansson, Johan & Jia, Tao, 2013. "Out-of-town shopping and its induced CO2-emissions," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 20(4), pages 382-388.
    5. Jing Li & Pingyu Zhang & Kevin Lo & Meng Guo & Mark Wang, 2015. "Reducing Carbon Emissions from Shopping Trips: Evidence from China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-15, September.
    6. Xiaoyun Zhao & Kenneth Carling & Johan Håkansson, 2017. "Residential planning, driver mobility and CO emission: a microscopic look at Borlänge in Sweden," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(9), pages 1597-1614, September.
    7. Carling, Kenneth & Han, Mengjie & Håkansson, Johan & Meng, Xiangli & Rudholm, Niklas, 2014. "Measuring CO2 Emissions Induced by Online and Brick-and-mortar Retailing," HUI Working Papers 106, HUI Research.

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • L81 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Retail and Wholesale Trade; e-Commerce
    • Q51 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Valuation of Environmental Effects
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes

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