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Liberal Foundations of Basic Income. Argument Combining Philosophy and Economics
[Fondements libéraux du revenu de base. Une argumentation combinant philosophie et économie]

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  • Claude Gamel

    (LEST - Laboratoire d'Economie et de Sociologie du Travail - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Debates among Liberals on social justice have played a major role in current discussion on basic income (or universal benefit). In this paper, the notion is considered on the basis of the "economics of liberal egalitarianism", for which the anchor point is to be found in Rawls' philosophical works. Although this author certainly does not support basic income, he still provides an appropriate general framework to consider it, in particular through the hierarchy of his principles of justice (I). At the third level of this hierarchy, the interpretation of the "principle of difference" appeared controversial concerning the treatment of "Malibu surfers", through which Van Parijs can have defended the unconditional nature of basic income (II). There remains the transition from the philosophy to the economics of basic income, which allows considering it as a precise alternative of negative income tax. At this stage, a rereading of Friedman's intuition on this topic results in seeing basic income as a "universal tax credit" (III). We conclude with some prospective remarks on a possible implementation of this conception of basic income in the case of liberal democracies and of France as well (IV).

Suggested Citation

  • Claude Gamel, 2019. "Liberal Foundations of Basic Income. Argument Combining Philosophy and Economics [Fondements libéraux du revenu de base. Une argumentation combinant philosophie et économie]," Post-Print halshs-02111455, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-02111455
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-02111455
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. John Rawls, 1974. "Reply to Alexander and Musgrave," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 88(4), pages 633-655.
    2. Claude Gamel, 2015. "Essai sur l’économie de « l’égalitarisme libéral . Une combinaison sélective des travaux de Rawls, Sen et Kolm," Revue d'économie politique, Dalloz, vol. 125(3), pages 347-392.
    3. Gamel, Claude & Balsan, Didier & Vero, Josiane, 2006. "The impact of basic income on the propensity to work: Theoretical issues and micro-econometric results," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 476-497, June.
    4. Fleurbaey, Marc, 2012. "Fairness, Responsibility, and Welfare," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199653591.
    5. Claude Gamel & Michel Lubrano, 2011. "Why Should We Debate the Theory of Macrojustice? [Pourquoi la théorie de la macrojustice mérite-t-elle qu'on en débatte ?]," Post-Print halshs-02525163, HAL.
    6. François Maniquet & Dirk Neumann, 2016. "L’allocation universelle : quelques éléments pour y voir plus clair," Regards économiques 126, Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES).
    7. Claude Gamel, 2004. "Comment financer l'allocation universelle. La stratégie de Van Parijs (1995) en question," Recherches économiques de Louvain, De Boeck Université, vol. 70(3), pages 287-314.
    8. François Maniquet & Dirk Neumann, 2016. "L’allocation universelle : quelques éléments pour y voir plus clair," Regards économiques 2016126, Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES).
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    11. Serge-Christophe Kolm, 2007. "Macrojustice : distribution, impôts et transferts optimaux," Revue d'économie politique, Dalloz, vol. 117(1), pages 61-89.
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    Keywords

    basic income; universal tax credit.; liberalism; unconditional nature; revenu de base; inconditionnalité; libéralisme; crédit d’impôt universel.;
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