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Quelques éléments de comparaison des taux de chômage français et américain

Author

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  • Arnaud Lefranc

    (THEMA - Théorie économique, modélisation et applications - UCP - Université de Cergy Pontoise - Université Paris-Seine - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

[fre] Quelques éléments de comparaison des taux . Le bas niveau du chômage américain est fréquemment rappelé pour souligner les faibles performances de l'économie française dans ce domaine. Un tel écart de taux agrégés ne permet cependant pas de mesurer les difficultés d'accès à l'emploi des différentes catégories qui composent le marché du travail. Une divergence de taux de chômage au niveau macroéconomique peut en effet refléter soit une différence de qualification (mesurée ici par les diplômes) de la population active, soit un écart de taux de chômage de chacune des catégories de travailleurs, soit de chômage français et américain encore des différences dans l'enregistrement statistique des personnes à la recherche d'emploi. . Pour les travailleurs de plus de 25 ans, le différentiel de taux de chômage s'explique pour l'essentiel par celui des structures de qualification. Cet effet ne peut être mis en avant pour expliquer le chômage des jeunes, dont l'accès à l'emploi est plus difficile en France, à diplôme égal et quel que soit l'indicateur de taux de chômage retenu. [eng] A Comparison of French and American Unemployment Rates . The low level of American unemployment is frequently cited to highlight the French economy's poor performance in this area. However, a difference between aggregate rates is not capable of gauging the obstacles to finding employment for the different groups making up the labour market. A deviation in the unemployment rate at macro- economic level may actually reflect a difference in the working population's skills (measured here by qualifications), variance in unemployment rates for each category . of worker, or differences in how the statistics on job seekers are put together. . The unemployment rate differential for workers over 25 years old can be explained mainly by the different skills structures. This effect cannot be put forward to explain youth unemployment. Young people, for the same level of qualifications, find it more difficult
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Suggested Citation

  • Arnaud Lefranc, 1997. "Quelques éléments de comparaison des taux de chômage français et américain," Post-Print halshs-01651808, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01651808
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1997.2533
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-01651808
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Denis Fougère & Thierry Kamionka, 1992. "Un modéle markovien du marché du travail," Annals of Economics and Statistics, GENES, issue 27, pages 149-188.
    2. Chinhui Juhn & Kevin M. Murphy & Robert H. Topel, 1991. "Why Has the Natural Rate of Unemployment Increased over Time?," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 22(2), pages 75-142.
    3. repec:adr:anecst:y:1992:i:27:p:06 is not listed on IDEAS
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    2. Arnaud Lefranc, 2000. "Wage Losses of Displaced Workers in France and the US?," Econometric Society World Congress 2000 Contributed Papers 1566, Econometric Society.
    3. Yannick L'Horty, 2000. "Présentation générale," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 332(1), pages 3-15.

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