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Informatique, organisation du travail et intéractions sociales

Author

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  • Emmanuelle Walkowiak

    (LEO - Laboratoire d'économie d'Orleans [2008-2011] - UO - Université d'Orléans - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Les liens de complémentarité entre usage de l'informatique et pratiques organisationnelles innovantes, d'une part, et les principes de sélection qui sous-tendend leur diffusion au niveau des postes de travail, d'autre part, doivent être analysés dans un cadre unifié. Nous montrons que les principes communs de sélection dans l'attribution de l'informatique et le design organisationnel du poste de travail renvoient au choix de la configuration du réseau d'interactions sociales au sein de la firme. Cette structure sociale d'interaction est analysée en référence au concept de capital social. On entend par là le capital humain auquel un individu peut accéder lorsqu'il interagit avec d'autres. Ne pouvant directement le mesurer, nous supposons que le capital social joue un rôle lorsque les appartenances catégorielles du salarié ou la composition socio-démographique de la main-d'oeuvre de l'entreprise influence la modernisation des postes de travail. Nous distinguons alors dans la complémentarité entre technologie et organisation ce qui relève d'une pure coordination des choix dans ces deux dimensions ce ce qui relève de la sélection des salariés. Les tests menés à partir du volet "salariés" de l'enquête Changements Organisationnels et l'informatisation de 1997 permettent de vérifier deux propositions. Premièrement, le capital social des salariés favorise leur accès aux ordinateurs et plus généralement aux Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication (TIC) et aux postes de travail dont les caractéristiques productives et informationnelles sont innovantes. Deuxièmement, les liens de complémentarité que l'on mesure sur le poste de travail entre usage des TIC et caractéristiques organisationnelles innovantes s'expliquent en partie par ce principe commun de sélection par le capital social dans la modernisation technologique et organisationelle, en particulier pour les caractéristiques organisationnelles innovantes qui intègrent une dimension relationnelle et pour les postes de travail occupés par les salariés peu qualifiés.

Suggested Citation

  • Emmanuelle Walkowiak, 2005. "Informatique, organisation du travail et intéractions sociales," Post-Print halshs-00257738, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00257738
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    Cited by:

    1. Amel ATTOUR, 2012. "Le développement des TIC dans et par les collectivités locales françaises: une analyse à travers les trois dimensions interdépendantes d’un territoire numérique THE DEVELOPMENT OF ICT IN AND FROM FREN," Working Papers 24, Réseau de Recherche sur l’Innovation. / Research Network on Innovation.
    2. Nathalie Greenan & Emmanuelle Walkowiak, 2005. "Informatique, organisation du travail et interactions sociales," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 387(1), pages 35-63.
    3. Mohamed Ali Ben Halima & Nathalie Greenan & Joseph Lanfranchi, 2021. "Organisational changes and long-term sickness absence and injury leave: a difference in difference approach," TEPP Working Paper 2021-05, TEPP.
    4. Danielle Galliano & Pascale Roux, 2006. "Les inégalités spatiales dans l'usage des tic. Le cas des firmes industrielles françaises," Revue économique, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 57(6), pages 1449-1475.
    5. Jacques, Jean-François & Walkowiak, Emmanuelle, 2009. "Low wages and high unemployment rates: The role of social interactions in hiring discrimination," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 38(3), pages 456-463, June.
    6. Aissaoui, Najeh & Ben Hassen, Lobna, 2015. "Skill-biased Technological Change, E-skills and Wage Inequality: Evidence from Tunisia," MPRA Paper 76551, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 29 Jun 2015.
    7. Emmanuelle Walkowiak, 2006. "Renouvellement de la main-d'œuvre et modernisation des entreprises," Revue économique, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 57(6), pages 1205-1233.
    8. Nathalie Greenan & Edward Lorenz, 2009. "Learning Organisations: the importance of work organisation for innovation," Working Papers halshs-01376968, HAL.
    9. Ben Halima, Mohamed Ali & Greenan, Nathalie & Lanfranchi, Joseph, 2023. "Getting sick for profit? The impact of cumulative ICT and management changes on long term sickness absence," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 659-688.
    10. Gerten, Elisa & Beckmann, Michael & Bellmann, Lutz, 2018. "Controlling working crowds: The impact of digitalization on worker autonomy and monitoring across hierarchical levels," Working papers 2018/09, Faculty of Business and Economics - University of Basel.
    11. Philippe Zamora, 2006. "Changements organisationnels, technologiques et recours à la formation dans les entreprises industrielles," Revue économique, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 57(6), pages 1235-1257.
    12. Ludivine Martin, 2011. "The effects of ICT use on employee's motivations: an empirical evaluation," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 31(2), pages 1592-1605.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Informatique; organisation; travail; intéractions; sociales;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L23 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Organization of Production
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes

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