The financial inclusion paradigm: the evolution of concepts in a historical and universal context[Le paradigme de l'inclusion financière : L'évolution des concepts dans un contexte historique et universel]

The concept of inclusion is related to the means of integrating individuals and social groups into social, economic and cultural life by enabling them to participate fully. Economic thought for centuries has considered human well-being as what gives meaning to economic activity. The utilitarian moral theory of Bentham and John Stuart Mills asserts that the purpose of economic activity is to improve the quality of life for the maximum number of people. The inclusive approach includes different aspects, such as social, cultural, economic and financial inclusion. The objective of this paper is to explore the concept of financial inclusion as a form of improving individual well-being and integration into the economic and social activity of a country. To achieve this objective, the paper uses a theoretical approach that draws on the review of available literature on financial inclusion and the different theoretical approaches and perspectives associated with it from prior research and studies to support the arguments presented and to show the importance of financial inclusion in ensuring a more inclusive society.