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Le rôle de la gouvernance des clusters dans les capacités dynamiques d’absorption des PME

Author

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  • Rachel Bocquet

    (IREGE - Institut de Recherche en Gestion et en Economie - USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] - Université Savoie Mont Blanc)

  • Caroline Danièle Mothe

    (IREGE - Institut de Recherche en Gestion et en Economie - USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] - Université Savoie Mont Blanc)

Abstract

Cette recherche a pour objectif d'explorer de quelle manière la structure de gouvernance d'un cluster peut augmenter les capacités dynamiques d'absorption des PME membres. Depuis la création des pôles de compétitivité en France en 2005, une littérature de plus en plus importante s'est développée sur les clusters, en particulier sur le rôle de la structure d'animation, ou de gouvernance. Toutefois, son impact potentiel sur la capacité des entreprises du cluster à acquérir et à créer des connaissances reste sous-exploré. En combinant la Knowledge-Based View of Clusters(KBVC) et l'approche basée sur les capacités dynamiques, notre objectif est d'identifier comment la structure de gouvernance, en tant que tierce partie, peut jouer le rôle d'intermédiaire pour mettre en œuvre un management des connaissances permettant d'accroître les capacités dynamiques d'absorption des entreprises membres. L'étude empirique est basée sur une approche qualitative auprès des membres de la gouvernance d'un pôle de compétitivité français, Arve-Industries Mont-Blanc, situé dans la région Rhône-Alpes. Notre recherche démontre la capacité de la gouvernance à mettre en œuvre un management des connaissances adapté au contexte d'émergence du cluster et aux caractéristiques de ses membres, et met en avant sa capacité à faire évoluer les routines des entreprises, notamment par la mise en place d'un label d'excellence fédérateur. L'implication à la fois directe de la gouvernance dans les actions individuelles et collectives, et indirecte en tant qu'intermédiaire entre les entreprises et les expertises utiles, améliore les capacités dynamiques d'absorption des entreprises. Nos résultats, qui montrent l'existence d'un modèle de management «intermédié» des connaissances, ont d'importantes implications managériales, tant pour la gouvernance des clusters de PME que pour les pouvoirs publics en charge de la politique des clusters.

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  • Rachel Bocquet & Caroline Danièle Mothe, 2014. "Le rôle de la gouvernance des clusters dans les capacités dynamiques d’absorption des PME," Post-Print hal-01133514, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01133514
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr/hal-01133514
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    1. Amandine Pinget & Rachel Bocquet, 2017. "Spécificités des sources de connaissances pour l'innovation environnementale des PME," Post-Print hal-01699651, HAL.

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