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L’informel est-il une forme de fraude fiscale ? Une analyse microéconométrique de la fraude fiscale des micro-entreprises à Madagascar

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  • Jean-François Gautier

    (DIAL, Université Paris IX)

Abstract

Since de Soto’s work, the entrepreneur’s choice to enter or not the formal sector is usually compared to a tax evasion behaviour. This characterisation seems to be weakened by many recent surveys where it appears that fiscal rules are generally unknown by managers. This article tries to assess the accuracy of tax determinants on the formal-informal dualism. For that purpose a tax evasion model is build and then tested on data from a survey undertaken in Antananarivo. Our regressions show that the propensity of an enterprise to belong to the formal sector can be explained by fiscal variables. _________________________________ Selon les travaux de H de Soto, le choix d’un entrepreneur d’intégrer le secteur formel résulte de l’arbitrage entre les gains anticipés sur les deux secteurs formel/informel. Ce choix s’apparente à un comportement de fraude fiscale. En revanche, d’autres enquêtes font apparaître essentiellement une méconnaissance des obligations fiscales des entrepreneurs. Dans cet article, nous essayons de déterminer dans quelle mesure la fiscalité influence le dualisme formel-informel. Un modèle de fraude fiscale appliqué aux micro-entreprises et à la fiscalité malgache est construit, puis testé à partir des données de l’enquête sur le secteur informel à Antananarivo. Il ressort de nos régressions que la propension d’une entreprise à devenir formelle peut être expliquée de manière pertinente par un modèle de fraude fiscale.

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  • Jean-François Gautier, 2000. "L’informel est-il une forme de fraude fiscale ? Une analyse microéconométrique de la fraude fiscale des micro-entreprises à Madagascar," Working Papers DT/2000/07, DIAL (Développement, Institutions et Mondialisation).
    • Handle: RePEc:dia:wpaper:dt200007
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Tax Evasion; Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models.;

    JEL classification:

    • H25 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Business Taxes and Subsidies
    • C35 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors; Proportions

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