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Retake Opportunities, Pass Probabilities, and Preparation for Exams

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  • Bertola, Giuseppe

Abstract

Additional retake opportunities generally increase the probability of eventually passing a given threshold at given competence, and decrease preparation for exams. Preparation work performed before the first attempt may increase only for very weak students, and may decline so much as to decrease the total pass probability only for very strong students. If additional preparation is possible before retaking a failed exam, it is optimal for students to make early attempts without much preparation. Some will be lucky enough to pass, and others will make many attempts after gradually improving preparation. Hence, plentiful retake opportunities reduce the reliability of exam results as an indicator of competence, and increase the cost of taking and administering exams for students and teachers.

Suggested Citation

  • Bertola, Giuseppe, 2024. "Retake Opportunities, Pass Probabilities, and Preparation for Exams," CEPR Discussion Papers 18777, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:18777
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    1. Kala Krishna & Sergey Lychagin & Veronica Frisancho, 2018. "Retaking In High Stakes Exams: Is Less More?," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 59(2), pages 449-477, May.
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    5. Bertola, Giuseppe, 2024. "Performance in Pass-Fail Assessments," CEPR Discussion Papers 18980, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    6. Joshua J. Lewer & Colin Corbett & Tanya M. Marcum & Jannett Highfill, 2021. "Modeling Student Effort: Flat Tires and Dead Batteries," The American Economist, Sage Publications, vol. 66(2), pages 301-314, October.
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    8. Rob Nijenkamp & Mark R Nieuwenstein & Ritske de Jong & Monicque M Lorist, 2016. "Do Resit Exams Promote Lower Investments of Study Time? Theory and Data from a Laboratory Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(10), pages 1-19, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Bratti, Massimiliano & Granato, Silvia & Havari, Enkelejda, 2024. "Another Chance: Number of Exam Retakes and University Students' Outcomes," IZA Discussion Papers 17400, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

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    JEL classification:

    • C61 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Optimization Techniques; Programming Models; Dynamic Analysis

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