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Banking Crises and Central Bank Digital Currency in a Monetary Economy

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  • Makoto WATANABE
  • Tarishi Matsuoka

Abstract

This paper examines the role of Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) in a monetary model in which fundamental-based bank runs arise endogenously. We demonstrate that introducing a CBDC designed to replicate the properties of cash displaces physical cash and, when offered at a sufficiently attractive rate, can increase the likelihood of a bank run. In contrast, when the CBDC is designed to resemble bank deposits, cash, CBDC, and deposits can coexist as media of exchange, and a high CBDC rate can eliminate the risk of runs. We further characterize the optimal CBDC policy within this framework.

Suggested Citation

  • Makoto WATANABE & Tarishi Matsuoka, 2025. "Banking Crises and Central Bank Digital Currency in a Monetary Economy," CIGS Working Paper Series 25-015E, The Canon Institute for Global Studies.
    • Handle: RePEc:cnn:wpaper:25-015e
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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