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Sustainable Tourism Indicators: Selection Criteria for Policy Implementation and Scientific Recognition

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  • Marie-Christine Therrien
  • Juste Rajaonson
  • Georges A. Tanguay

Abstract

Using sustainable tourism indicators (STI) creates many difficulties resulting mainly from the multiple interpretations of the concept of sustainable development, and by extension of the concept of sustainable tourism. To these difficulties are added an absence of a strong academic background, which is the result of incompatibilities between the needs and objectives of the academic versus the political world, which often challenges the need for indicators. We propose a parsimonious list of sustainable tourism indicators based on the application of a series of selection criteria. From the expert recognized indicators, all of these criteria help us choose the indicators, which cover the dimensions and issues of sustainable development for tourism. They are legitimized by existing experiences and sufficiently flexible to be useful for different destinations. In the end, the intersection of these conditions contributes to the scientific and political recognition of the indicators. We start by applying four general selection criteria to a 507 STI database. This allows us to reduce the list to 20 recognized STI. We end the selection process by applying three specific criteria in order to adjust the 20 STI to render them operational. We illustrate the selection procedure with an example of criteria application to the Gaspésie-Iles-de-la Madeleine region in Quebec. L'utilisation d'indicateurs de tourisme durable (STI) pose de nombreux problèmes qui résultent principalement des multiples interprétations du développement durable et, de ce fait, du tourisme durable. S'y ajoute l'absence d'un cadre de référence établi résultant de l'incompatibilité entre les attentes et objectifs du milieu académique et du milieu politique et remettant souvent en cause la crédibilité et le bien-fondé des indicateurs. Pour y remédier, nous proposons une liste parcimonieuse d'indicateurs de tourisme durable (STI) basée sur l'application d'une série de critères de sélection. L'ensemble de ces critères permet de choisir, parmi les indicateurs reconnus par les experts, ceux qui couvrent largement les dimensions et les enjeux de développement durable dans le domaine du tourisme, qui sont légitimés par les expériences existantes et qui sont en même temps suffisamment flexibles pour être effectifs et utiles à différentes destinations. Nous croyons que le concours de ces conditions contribuera à la reconnaissance et à la légitimité scientifique et politique des indicateurs. Quatre critères de sélection généraux sont appliqués à une base de données de 507 STI pour en réduire le nombre à un effectif optimal de 20 STI. Ensuite, trois critères spécifiques permettent d'ajuster les 20 STI pour les rendre opérationnels. Nous illustrons cette démarche en appliquant ces critères à la région de la Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Québec.

Suggested Citation

  • Marie-Christine Therrien & Juste Rajaonson & Georges A. Tanguay, 2011. "Sustainable Tourism Indicators: Selection Criteria for Policy Implementation and Scientific Recognition," CIRANO Working Papers 2011s-60, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirwor:2011s-60
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    File URL: https://cirano.qc.ca/files/publications/2011s-60.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. World Commission on Environment and Development,, 1987. "Our Common Future," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780192820808.
    2. Georges A. Tanguay & Juste Rajaonson & Jean-François Lefebvre & Paul Lanoie, 2009. "Measuring the Sustainability of Cities: A Survey-Based Analysis of the Use of Local Indicators," CIRANO Working Papers 2009s-02, CIRANO.
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    1. Aleksandra Łapko & Roma Strulak-Wójcikiewicz & Marek Landowski & Radosław Wieczorek, 2018. "Management of Waste Collection from Yachts and Tall Ships from the Perspective of Sustainable Water Tourism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-15, December.
    2. JAMES Hanrahan & KELLY Maguire, 2015. "Local Authority Planning Provision Of Policies And Guidelines For Event Management: An Irish Perspective," International Journal for Responsible Tourism, Fundatia Amfiteatru, vol. 4(2), pages 73-102, December.
    3. Cassar Silvana & Creaco Salvo, 2016. "Towards Tourism Sustainability: General Aspects and Empirical Evidence of the Italian Experience at Decentralized Level, with Specific Reference to Sicily," TalTech Journal of European Studies, Sciendo, vol. 6(1), pages 95-138, February.

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