IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/ces/ceswps/_12249.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Socioeconomic Inequality in Longevity: A Multidimensional Approach

Author

Listed:
  • Paul Bingley
  • Claus Thustrup Kreiner
  • Benjamin Ly Serena

Abstract

Socioeconomic inequality in longevity is typically measured using a single socioeconomic indi-cator such as education or income. We combine multiple indicators—education, income, occu-pation, wealth, and IQ scores—and apply machine learning to measure inequality in longevity. Using Danish population-wide data spanning 40 years, we track mortality for the 1942–44 birth cohorts from age 40 onwards to estimate life expectancy by socioeconomic status. Individuals at the top of the socioeconomic distribution live nearly 25 years longer than those at the bottom. The socioeconomic gradient in life expectancy becomes 50–150% steeper when using multiple indicators.

Suggested Citation

  • Paul Bingley & Claus Thustrup Kreiner & Benjamin Ly Serena, 2025. "Socioeconomic Inequality in Longevity: A Multidimensional Approach," CESifo Working Paper Series 12249, CESifo.
    • Handle: RePEc:ces:ceswps:_12249
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.ifo.de/DocDL/cesifo1_wp12249.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gordon B. Dahl & Claus Thustrup Kreiner & Torben Heien Nielsen & Benjamin Ly Serena, 2024. "Understanding the Rise in Life Expectancy Inequality," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 106(2), pages 566-575, March.
    2. Thomas Piketty & Emmanuel Saez, 2014. "Inequality in the long run," PSE-Ecole d'économie de Paris (Postprint) halshs-01053609, HAL.
    3. repec:dau:papers:123456789/10510 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Søren Leth-Petersen, 2010. "Intertemporal Consumption and Credit Constraints: Does Total Expenditure Respond to an Exogenous Shock to Credit?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 100(3), pages 1080-1103, June.
    5. Karin Hederos & Markus Jäntti & Lena Lindahl & Jenny Torssander, 2018. "Trends in Life Expectancy by Income and the Role of Specific Causes of Death," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 85(339), pages 606-625, July.
    6. Benjamin K. Couillard & Christopher L. Foote & Kavish Gandhi & Ellen Meara & Jonathan Skinner, 2021. "Rising Geographic Disparities in US Mortality," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 35(4), pages 123-146, Fall.
    7. repec:hal:pseose:halshs-01053609 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Kevin Milligan & Tammy Schirle, 2021. "The evolution of longevity: Evidence from Canada," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 54(1), pages 164-192, February.
    9. Kevin S. Milligan, 2024. "The Time of Your Life: The Mortality and Longevity of Canadians," NBER Working Papers 33066, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. Kevin Milligan, 2024. "Innis Lecture: The time of your life: The mortality and longevity of Canadians," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 57(4), pages 1088-1108, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Thomas Epper & Ernst Fehr & Helga Fehr-Duda & Claus Thustrup Kreiner & David Dreyer Lassen & Søren Leth-Petersen & Gregers Nytoft Rasmussen, 2020. "Time Discounting and Wealth Inequality," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 110(4), pages 1177-1205, April.
    2. Dhaene, Jan & Milevsky, Moshe A., 2024. "Egalitarian pooling and sharing of longevity risk a.k.a. can an administrator help skin the tontine cat?," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 238-250.
    3. Adriana Lleras‐Muney, 2022. "Education and income gradients in longevity: The role of policy," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 55(1), pages 5-37, February.
    4. Patrick Mellacher, 2021. "Growth, Inequality and Declining Business Dynamism in a Unified Schumpeter Mark I + II Model," Papers 2111.09407, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2023.
    5. Estrada, Fernando, 2015. "Antinomies de Le Capital au XXIe siècle [Antinomies of Capital in the 21st Century]," MPRA Paper 61126, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Block, Joern H. & Hirschmann, Mirko & Kranz, Tobias & Neuenkirch, Matthias, 2023. "Public family firms and economic inequality across societies," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 19(C).
    7. Li, Li & Li, Han & Panagiotelis, Anastasios, 2025. "Boosting domain-specific models with shrinkage: An application in mortality forecasting," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 191-207.
    8. Simon Halphen Boserup & Wojciech Kopczuk & Claus Thustrup Kreiner, 2018. "Born with a Silver Spoon? Danish Evidence on Wealth Inequality in Childhood," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 128(612), pages 514-544, July.
    9. Bertrand Garbinti & Jonathan Goupille-Lebret & Thomas Piketty, 2017. "Income Inequality in France, 1900-2014: Evidence from Distributional National Accounts," Working Papers 201704, World Inequality Lab.
    10. Pedro R. D. Bom & Aitor Goti, 2018. "Public Capital and the Labor Income Share," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-17, October.
    11. Komlos John, 2019. "Reaganomics: A Watershed Moment on the Road to Trumpism," The Economists' Voice, De Gruyter, vol. 16(1), pages 1-21, December.
    12. Petter Lundborg & Carl Hampus Lyttkens & Paul Nystedt, 2016. "The Effect of Schooling on Mortality: New Evidence From 50,000 Swedish Twins," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 53(4), pages 1135-1168, August.
    13. Aloisio Araujo & Juan Pablo Gama & Timothy J. Kehoe, 2025. "Risk loving and fat tails in the wealth distribution," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 80(2), pages 515-540, September.
    14. N. Meltem Daysal & Michael F. Lovenheim & David N. Wasser, 2023. "The Intergenerational Transmission of Housing Wealth," CESifo Working Paper Series 10647, CESifo.
    15. Jeppe Druedahl & Alessandro Martinello, 2022. "Long-Run Saving Dynamics: Evidence from Unexpected Inheritances," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 104(5), pages 1079-1095, December.
    16. Andrés Rodríguez-Pose & Neil Lee & Cornelius Lipp, 2021. "Golfing with Trump. Social capital, decline, inequality, and the rise of populism in the US," Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 14(3), pages 457-481.
    17. Oscar Claveria & Petar Sorić, 2025. "Economic uncertainty and the redistributive effect of taxes and transfers in the UK and the US since the 1980s," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 45(1), pages 130-137.
    18. Xiong, Ning & Wei, Yehua Dennis, 2025. "Economic inequality, intergenerational mobility, and life expectancy," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 366(C).
    19. Marco Di Maggio & Amir Kermani & Kaveh Majlesi, 2020. "Stock Market Returns and Consumption," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 75(6), pages 3175-3219, December.
    20. Dirk Antonczyk & Thomas DeLeire & Bernd Fitzenberger, 2018. "Polarization and Rising Wage Inequality: Comparing the U.S. and Germany," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-33, April.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • I14 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Inequality

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ces:ceswps:_12249. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Klaus Wohlrabe (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/cesifde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.