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Preferencias parentales de género a lo largo de tres siglos: Evidencia para Argentina

Author

Listed:
  • Fernando Antonio Ignacio González

    (Universidad Nacional de Misiones/CONICET)

Abstract

En este trabajo examino la evolución de las preferencias parentales de género en Argentina (i.e. padres que prefieren una determinada composición de género en sus hijos). Para ello utilizo microdatos censales que se extienden por los siglos XIX, XX y XXI, además de microdatos de una encuesta de hogares (2022). La estrategia de estimación explota la asignación plausiblemente aleatoria en el género de los hijos. Los resultados muestran una persistente preferencia por una composición de género mixta (i.e. tener, al menos, un niño y una niña) en lugar de hijos del mismo género. Esto se traduce en un incremento en la probabilidad de tener un tercero hijo, condicional a ya tener dos hijos, de entre 9%-23% para aquellas parejas que poseen hijos de un mismo género -en relación a parejas con hijos de géneros opuestos-. Estas preferencias son heterogéneas en el tiempo y poseen importantes implicancias en términos fecundidad (i.e. la reducción de estas preferencias de género mixtas -en favor de una mayor género-neutralidad- podrían contribuir a disminuir la cantidad de hijos por pareja). Además, los hallazgos de este trabajo dan respaldo a la literatura empírica que utiliza a la composición de género de los dos primeros hijos como variable instrumental para estudiar elimpacto de la fecundidad sobre la participación laboral.

Suggested Citation

  • Fernando Antonio Ignacio González, 2023. "Preferencias parentales de género a lo largo de tres siglos: Evidencia para Argentina," Working Papers 245, Red Nacional de Investigadores en Economía (RedNIE).
  • Handle: RePEc:aoz:wpaper:245
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