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A socio-economic picture of Kosovar migrants and their origin farm households

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  • Möllers, Judith
  • Meyer, Wiebke
  • Xhema, Sherif
  • Buchenrieder, Gertrud

Abstract

Kosovo's small economy substantially relies on money from abroad: an extraordinarily high number of migrants contribute to foreign capital inflow through remittances; remittances represented around 13% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2009. This means that the well-being of many Kosovar families financially depends on their migrated family members (UNDP 2010). The most important destination of Kosovar migrants, Germany, alone hosts an estimated number of around 300,000 Albanian migrants from Kosovo. This is about half of all migrated Kosovar Albanians. However, reliable information on the specific situation of the migrants and their origin households is scarce. Adding to recent efforts to gain more knowledge about Kosovo and its remittances sending migrants, e.g. the UNDP's 2010 Kosovo Remittance Study, this discussion paper puts a specific focus on rural Kosovo, where many migrants come from and more than half of the Kosovar population and two thirds of the poor live (World Bank and SOK 2011). Our study aims at shedding light on the socio-economic situation of Kosovar farm households with migrants in Germany. We present data on both sides of migration: the migrant household in the destination country as well as the remittances receiving household in Kosovo. In our analysis of migrant households, we present results on socio-economic features of three migration waves. Individual demographic characteristics of the migrant are analysed as well as economic features including the income situation and the remitting behaviour. We furthermore discuss the nature of migration - if it is planned as a temporary or permanent move - and the return prospects of the migrants. For the corresponding farm households in Kosovo we present results on their socio-economic situation and specifically look at poverty and inequality indicators and discuss possible development impacts in the recipient households. We analyse an original sample of 226 Albanian migrants from Kosovo who have been interviewed by means of a structured questionnaire in 2009/10 in Germany as well as the corresponding sample of their origin farm households in rural Kosovo. For a comparison of recipient with non-recipient households we draw from an additional set of 55 non-recipient Kosovar households.

Suggested Citation

  • Möllers, Judith & Meyer, Wiebke & Xhema, Sherif & Buchenrieder, Gertrud, 2013. "A socio-economic picture of Kosovar migrants and their origin farm households," IAMO Discussion Papers 159070, Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO).
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:iamodp:159070
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.159070
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Elke Holst & Mechthild Schrooten, 2006. "Sending Money Abroad – What Determines Migrants’ Remittances?," Discussion Papers 009, Europa-Universität Flensburg, International Institute of Management.
    2. Todaro, Michael P, 1969. "A Model for Labor Migration and Urban Unemployment in Less Developed Countries," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 59(1), pages 138-148, March.
    3. Carletto, Calogero & Davis, Benjamin & Stampini, Marco & Trento, Stefano & Zezza, Alberto, 2004. "Internal mobility and international migration in Albania," ESA Working Papers 23797, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Agricultural Development Economics Division (ESA).
    4. Wiebke Meyer & Judith M�llers & Gertrud Buchenrieder, 2012. "Who Remits More? Who Remits Less? Evidence from Kosovar Migrants in Germany and Their Households of Origin," Oxford Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 40(4), pages 443-466, December.
    5. Taylor, J. Edward & Martin, Philip L., 2001. "Human capital: Migration and rural population change," Handbook of Agricultural Economics, in: B. L. Gardner & G. C. Rausser (ed.), Handbook of Agricultural Economics, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 9, pages 457-511, Elsevier.
    6. Elke Holst & Mechthild Schrooten, 2006. "Migration and Money - What Determines Remittances?: Evidence from Germany," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 566, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    7. World Bank, 2007. "Kosovo : Poverty assessment, Volume 1. Accelerating Inclusive Growth to Reduce Widespread Poverty," World Bank Publications - Reports 7617, The World Bank Group.
    8. Sokol Havolli, 2011. "Determinants of Migrants’ Earnings and Remittances: Evidence from Kosovo," Focus on European Economic Integration, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank), issue 1, pages 90-99.
    9. Acosta, Pablo & Calderon, Cesar & Fajnzylber, Pablo & Lopez, Humberto, 2008. "What is the Impact of International Remittances on Poverty and Inequality in Latin America?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 89-114, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Möllers, Judith & Traikova, Diana & Herzfeld, Thomas & Bajrami, Egzon, 2017. "Study on rural migration and return migration in Kosovo," IAMO Discussion Papers 166, Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO).
    2. Judith Möllers & Wiebke Meyer, 2014. "The effects of migration on poverty and inequality in rural Kosovo," IZA Journal of Labor & Development, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 3(1), pages 1-18, December.
    3. repec:zbw:iamodp:261254 is not listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Consumer/Household Economics;

    JEL classification:

    • F22 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Migration
    • F24 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Remittances
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration

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