IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/agi/wpaper/00000071.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Resource and Labor Cost Differentials between Japan and Asian Host Economies and Location Decisions of Japan's Manufacturing Multinationals

Author

Listed:
  • Ramstetter, Eric D.

Abstract

After a brief review of relevant literature, this paper uses survey data collect by JETRO (various years) to examine the extent of labor and energy cost differentials between Japan and major Asian hosts to Japan's manufacturing multinational enterprises (MNEs) in recent years. The comparisons reveal large differences in nominal labor costs, but these differences are often offset by similarly large differences in labor productivity. In other words, differences in productivity adjusted labor costs are generally rather modest, suggesting that they exert only a limited influence on location decisions by most of Japan's manufacturing MNEs. Differences in resource (energy and water) costs are also relatively small, again suggesting that these differences, as well as related differences in the stringency of environmental policy, are also likely to exert a modest influence on location choice. The fact that labor costs and resource costs account for much smaller shares of total costs or output than costs of materials and parts, for example, is another reason to expect that energy and labor-cost differentials exert only a mild influence on location decisions in most cases. This conclusion is broadly consistent with the previous literature on location choice by MNEs, which usually indicates that demand-side factors such as host market size, as well as agglomeration-related reductions in transaction costs, are of more consequence for location choice than resource or labor costs.

Suggested Citation

  • Ramstetter, Eric D., 2013. "Resource and Labor Cost Differentials between Japan and Asian Host Economies and Location Decisions of Japan's Manufacturing Multinationals," AGI Working Paper Series 2013-04, Asian Growth Research Institute.
  • Handle: RePEc:agi:wpaper:00000071
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://agi.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/91
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://agi.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/91/files/WP2013-04.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Javorcik Beata Smarzynska & Wei Shang-Jin, 2003. "Pollution Havens and Foreign Direct Investment: Dirty Secret or Popular Myth?," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 3(2), pages 1-34, December.
    2. Eskeland, Gunnar S. & Harrison, Ann E., 2003. "Moving to greener pastures? Multinationals and the pollution haven hypothesis," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(1), pages 1-23, February.
    3. Ulrich Wagner & Christopher Timmins, 2009. "Agglomeration Effects in Foreign Direct Investment and the Pollution Haven Hypothesis," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 43(2), pages 231-256, June.
    4. Caves,Richard E., 2007. "Multinational Enterprise and Economic Analysis," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521677530, December.
    5. Cuervo-Cazurra, Alvaro, 2008. "Better the devil you don't know: Types of corruption and FDI in transition economies," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 12-27, March.
    6. James R. Markusen, 2004. "Multinational Firms and the Theory of International Trade," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262633078, December.
    7. He, Jie, 2006. "Pollution haven hypothesis and environmental impacts of foreign direct investment: The case of industrial emission of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in Chinese provinces," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 60(1), pages 228-245, November.
    8. Egger, Peter & Winner, Hannes, 2005. "Evidence on corruption as an incentive for foreign direct investment," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 21(4), pages 932-952, December.
    9. Caves,Richard E., 2007. "Multinational Enterprise and Economic Analysis," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521860130, December.
    10. Colin Kirkpatrick & Kenichi Shimamoto, 2008. "The effect of environmental regulation on the locational choice of Japanese foreign direct investment," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 40(11), pages 1399-1409.
    11. Eric D. Ramstetter, 2011. "Ranking Locations for Japan's Manufacturing Multinationals in Asia: A Literature Survey Illustrated with Indexes," Asian Economic Journal, East Asian Economic Association, vol. 25(2), pages 197-226, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ramstetter, Eric D. & Haji Ahmad, Shahrazat Binti, 2013. "Do Multinationals Use Energy Relatively Efficiently in Malaysian Manufacturing? Additional Evidence for the Early 21st Century," AGI Working Paper Series 2013-18, Asian Growth Research Institute.
    2. Jitao Tang, 2015. "Testing the Pollution Haven Effect: Does the Type of FDI Matter?," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 60(4), pages 549-578, April.
    3. Dan Huang & Shihu Zhong & Juan Tang & Jingjing Zhao, 2021. "Impact of foreign direct investment on the haze pollution in various cities: Evidence from China," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 52(4), pages 2016-2039, December.
    4. José-Antonio Monteiro & Madina Kukenova, 2008. "Does Lax Environmental Regulation Attract FDI When Accounting For "Third-Country" Effects?," IRENE Working Papers 08-01, IRENE Institute of Economic Research.
    5. Jaewon Jung, 2023. "Multinational Firms and Economic Integration: The Role of Global Uncertainty," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, February.
    6. M. Bini & L. Nascia & A. Zeli, 2023. "Foreign ownership of enterprises and employment: the pre-crisis period in Italy," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 3(1), pages 1-20, January.
    7. Yuping Deng & Helian Xu, 2015. "International Direct Investment and Transboundary Pollution: An Empirical Analysis of Complex Networks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-25, April.
    8. Andrzej Cieślik & Oleg Gurshev, 2021. "Factor Endowments, Economic Integration, Round-Tripping, and Inward FDI: Evidence from the Baltic Economies," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-26, July.
    9. De Santis Roberto A. & Stähler Frank, 2009. "Foreign Direct Investment and Environmental Taxes," German Economic Review, De Gruyter, vol. 10(1), pages 115-135, February.
    10. Marzieh Ronaghi & Michael Reed & Sayed Saghaian, 2020. "The impact of economic factors and governance on greenhouse gas emission," Environmental Economics and Policy Studies, Springer;Society for Environmental Economics and Policy Studies - SEEPS, vol. 22(2), pages 153-172, April.
    11. repec:bla:germec:v:10:y:2009:i::p:115-135 is not listed on IDEAS
    12. Jan Drahokoupil & Brian Fabo, 2022. "The limits of foreign-led growth: Demand for skills by foreign and domestic firms," Review of International Political Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(1), pages 152-174, January.
    13. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Nasreen, Samia & Abbas, Faisal & Anis, Omri, 2015. "Does foreign direct investment impede environmental quality in high-, middle-, and low-income countries?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 275-287.
    14. Andrzej Cieślik, 2020. "What attracts multinational enterprises from the new EU member states to Poland?," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 10(2), pages 253-269, June.
    15. Collie, David R., 2009. "Tacit Collusion over Foreign Direct Investment under Oligopoly," Cardiff Economics Working Papers E2009/8, Cardiff University, Cardiff Business School, Economics Section.
    16. Assad Ullah & Xinshun Zhao & Muhammad Abdul Kamal & Jiajia Zheng, 2022. "Environmental regulations and inward FDI in China: Fresh evidence from the asymmetric autoregressive distributed lag approach," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(1), pages 1340-1356, January.
    17. Rezza, Alief A., 2013. "FDI and pollution havens: Evidence from the Norwegian manufacturing sector," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 140-149.
    18. Cole, Matthew A. & Elliott, Robert J.R. & Strobl, Eric, 2008. "The environmental performance of firms: The role of foreign ownership, training, and experience," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(3), pages 538-546, April.
    19. Ramstetter, Eric D., 2017. "Foreign Workers, Foreign Multinationals, and Wages after Controlling for Occupation and Sex in Malaysia's Manufacturing Plants during the mid-1990s," AGI Working Paper Series 2017-13, Asian Growth Research Institute.
    20. Zhang, Chuanguo & Zhou, Xiangxue, 2016. "Does foreign direct investment lead to lower CO2 emissions? Evidence from a regional analysis in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 943-951.
    21. Léo Le Mener, 2015. "Heterogeneous agrifood firms, agricultural prices and access to foreign markets," Working Papers SMART 15-11, INRAE UMR SMART.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    multinational enterprise; manufacturing; location choice; labor costs; resource costs;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • L60 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - General
    • O53 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Asia including Middle East
    • Q40 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:agi:wpaper:00000071. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: the person in charge (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/icseajp.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.