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Inequality and U.S. Public Opinion on Foreign Aid

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  • Hak‐Seon Lee

Abstract

I investigate how the level of inequality affects American public opinion on foreign aid. As the level of inequality increases across the United States, the majority of the public will be more likely to demand the government implement policies that should ameliorate severe inequality in society. Assuming that government resources are limited, a greater level of inequality in American society may weaken public support for foreign aid because the public may prioritize providing social safety nets and welfare programs in domestic milieu over granting foreign aid to developing countries. In addition, as inequality widens, the public may perceive economic globalization as one of the main causes of inequality; thus, their overall support for globalization will decline. As a result, American support for global engagement will be negatively affected, and public support for foreign aid may decrease. An empirical test using public opinion data in 50 U.S. states since the 1980s confirms my theory: widening inequality both across states and within a given state does weaken public support for U.S. foreign aid. Investigo cómo el nivel de desigualdad afecta a la opinión pública estadounidense sobre la ayuda extranjera. A medida que aumenta el nivel de desigualdad en los Estados Unidos, es más probable que la mayoría del público exija al gobierno que implemente políticas que deberían mejorar la grave desigualdad en la sociedad. Suponiendo que los recursos del gobierno son limitados, un mayor nivel de desigualdad en la sociedad estadounidense puede debilitar el apoyo público a la ayuda externa porque la gente puede priorizar la provisión de redes de seguridad social y programas de bienestar en el ámbito nacional sobre la concesión de ayuda extranjera a los países en desarrollo. Además, a medida que la desigualdad se amplía, el público puede percibir la globalización económica como una de las principales causas de la desigualdad, por lo que su apoyo general a la globalización disminuirá. El apoyo estadounidense para el compromiso global se verá afectado negativamente, y el apoyo público para la ayuda externa puede disminuir. Una prueba empírica confirma mi teoría: la creciente desigualdad entre estados y dentro de un estado dado debilita el apoyo público a la ayuda externa de los Estados Unidos. 笔者调查了不平等程度如何影响美国对外援助舆论。由于美国的不平等程度加剧,大多数公众将更有可能要求政府实施政策以改善社会上的严重不平等。假设政府资源有限,美国社会不平等程度加深,这可能会削弱公众对对外援助的支持。因为比起向发展中国家提供对外援助,公众更重视在国内构建社会安全网,建设福利项目。此外,随着不平等加剧,公众可能认为经济全球化是造成不平等的主要元凶之一,因此他们对全球化的总体支持将会减少。最终,美国对全球参与的支持将受到负面影响,而公众对对外援助的支持将会减少。一份基于20世纪80年代以来美国50州民意数据的实验测试证实了笔者的理论:各州间和各州内不断加剧的不平等差距的确会削弱公众对美国对外援助的支持。

Suggested Citation

  • Hak‐Seon Lee, 2019. "Inequality and U.S. Public Opinion on Foreign Aid," World Affairs, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 182(3), pages 273-295, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:woraff:v:182:y:2019:i:3:p:273-295
    DOI: 10.1177/0043820019862268
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