IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wly/jfutmk/v45y2025i7p752-770.html

The Variance Risk Premium Over Trading and Nontrading Periods

Author

Listed:
  • Lucas Papagelis
  • George Dotsis

Abstract

In this paper, we decompose the variance risk premium (VRP) into overnight and intraday components using model‐free implied variance stock indices in the United States, Europe, and Asia. We find that during the nontrading overnight period, the VRP is significantly negative, whereas during the intraday trading period, the VRP becomes positive and often insignificant. We also assess the predictive ability of the overnight and intraday VRPs with respect to future equity returns. We find that the intraday component performs better at shorter prediction horizons, whereas the overnight VRP performs better at longer horizons. Our empirical results suggest that nontrading effects are an important determinant of the VRP.

Suggested Citation

  • Lucas Papagelis & George Dotsis, 2025. "The Variance Risk Premium Over Trading and Nontrading Periods," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 45(7), pages 752-770, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:jfutmk:v:45:y:2025:i:7:p:752-770
    DOI: 10.1002/fut.22589
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/fut.22589
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1002/fut.22589?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Amihud, Yakov & Hurvich, Clifford M., 2004. "Predictive Regressions: A Reduced-Bias Estimation Method," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 39(4), pages 813-841, December.
    2. Tim Bollerslev & George Tauchen & Hao Zhou, 2009. "Expected Stock Returns and Variance Risk Premia," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 22(11), pages 4463-4492, November.
    3. George Dotsis & Nikolaos Vlastakis, 2016. "Corridor Volatility Risk and Expected Returns," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 36(5), pages 488-505, May.
    4. Bondarenko, Oleg & Muravyev, Dmitriy, 2023. "Market Return Around the Clock: A Puzzle," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 58(3), pages 939-967, May.
    5. Thompson, Samuel B., 2011. "Simple formulas for standard errors that cluster by both firm and time," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(1), pages 1-10, January.
    6. Hao Zhou, 2018. "Variance Risk Premia, Asset Predictability Puzzles, and Macroeconomic Uncertainty," Annual Review of Financial Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 10(1), pages 481-497, November.
    7. Dmitriy Muravyev, 2016. "Order Flow and Expected Option Returns," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 71(2), pages 673-708, April.
    8. Santa-Clara, Pedro & Saretto, Alessio, 2009. "Option strategies: Good deals and margin calls," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 12(3), pages 391-417, August.
    9. A. Colin Cameron & Douglas L. Miller, 2015. "A Practitioner’s Guide to Cluster-Robust Inference," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 50(2), pages 317-372.
    10. Aparna Bhat & Piyush Pandey & S. V. D. Nageswara Rao, 2024. "The asymmetry in day and night option returns: Evidence from an emerging market," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 44(8), pages 1320-1337, August.
    11. Muravyev, Dmitriy & Ni, Xuechuan (Charles), 2020. "Why do option returns change sign from day to night?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 136(1), pages 219-238.
    12. Tianyi Wang & Sicong Cheng & Fangsheng Yin & Mei Yu, 2022. "Overnight volatility, realized volatility, and option pricing," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(7), pages 1264-1283, July.
    13. Christopher S. Jones & Joshua Shemesh, 2018. "Option Mispricing around Nontrading Periods," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 73(2), pages 861-900, April.
    14. Bing Han, 2008. "Investor Sentiment and Option Prices," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 21(1), pages 387-414, January.
    15. Allen M. Poteshman, 2001. "Underreaction, Overreaction, and Increasing Misreaction to Information in the Options Market," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 56(3), pages 851-876, June.
    16. Lou, Dong & Polk, Christopher & Skouras, Spyros, 2019. "A tug of war: Overnight versus intraday expected returns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(1), pages 192-213.
    17. Fournier, Mathieu & Jacobs, Kris, 2020. "A Tractable Framework for Option Pricing with Dynamic Market Maker Inventory and Wealth," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 55(4), pages 1117-1162, June.
    18. Branger, Nicole & Schlag, Christian, 2008. "Can Tests Based on Option Hedging Errors Correctly Identify Volatility Risk Premia?," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 43(4), pages 1055-1090, December.
    19. Mitchell A. Petersen, 2009. "Estimating Standard Errors in Finance Panel Data Sets: Comparing Approaches," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 22(1), pages 435-480, January.
    20. Adam M. Kleinbaum & Toby E. Stuart & Michael L. Tushman, 2013. "Discretion Within Constraint: Homophily and Structure in a Formal Organization," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 24(5), pages 1316-1336, October.
    21. Bollerslev, Tim & Zhou, Hao, 2006. "Volatility puzzles: a simple framework for gauging return-volatility regressions," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 131(1-2), pages 123-150.
    22. Qiao, Fang & Xu, Lai & Zhang, Xiaoyan & Zhou, Hao, 2024. "Variance risk premiums in emerging markets," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    23. Oleg Bondarenko, 2014. "Why Are Put Options So Expensive?," Quarterly Journal of Finance (QJF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 4(03), pages 1-50.
    24. David Weinbaum & Andrew Fodor & Dmitriy Muravyev & Martijn Cremers, 2023. "Option Trading Activity, News Releases, and Stock Return Predictability," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 69(8), pages 4810-4827, August.
    25. Fang Liang & Lingshan Du & Zhuo Huang, 2023. "Option pricing with overnight and intraday volatility," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(11), pages 1576-1614, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Muravyev, Dmitriy & Ni, Xuechuan (Charles), 2020. "Why do option returns change sign from day to night?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 136(1), pages 219-238.
    2. Pratish Patel & Andrew Raquel & Savannah Chadwick, 2024. "The cash-secured put-write strategy and the variance risk premium," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 25(1), pages 31-50, February.
    3. Aparna Bhat & Piyush Pandey & S. V. D. Nageswara Rao, 2024. "The asymmetry in day and night option returns: Evidence from an emerging market," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 44(8), pages 1320-1337, August.
    4. Chin‐Ho Chen, 2021. "Investor sentiment, misreaction, and the skewness‐return relationship," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(9), pages 1427-1455, September.
    5. Kanne, Stefan & Korn, Olaf & Uhrig-Homburg, Marliese, 2023. "Stock illiquidity and option returns," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    6. Ding, Wenzhi & Levine, Ross & Lin, Chen & Xie, Wensi, 2021. "Corporate immunity to the COVID-19 pandemic," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(2), pages 802-830.
    7. Benzoni, Luca & Collin-Dufresne, Pierre & Goldstein, Robert S., 2011. "Explaining asset pricing puzzles associated with the 1987 market crash," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 101(3), pages 552-573, September.
    8. Hu, Grace Xing & Pan, Jun & Wang, Jiang & Zhu, Haoxiang, 2022. "Premium for heightened uncertainty: Explaining pre-announcement market returns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 145(3), pages 909-936.
    9. David Weinbaum & Andrew Fodor & Dmitriy Muravyev & Martijn Cremers, 2023. "Option Trading Activity, News Releases, and Stock Return Predictability," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 69(8), pages 4810-4827, August.
    10. Tianyi Wang & Sicong Cheng & Fangsheng Yin & Mei Yu, 2022. "Overnight volatility, realized volatility, and option pricing," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(7), pages 1264-1283, July.
    11. Kapetanios, George & Konstantinidi, Eirini & Neumann, Michael & Skiadopoulos, George, 2019. "Jumps in option prices and their determinants: Real-time evidence from the E-mini S&P 500 options market," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 46(C).
    12. Ulze, Markus & Stadler, Johannes & Rathgeber, Andreas W., 2021. "No country for old distributions? On the comparison of implied option parameters between the Brownian motion and variance gamma process," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 163-184.
    13. Bollerslev, Tim & Gibson, Michael & Zhou, Hao, 2011. "Dynamic estimation of volatility risk premia and investor risk aversion from option-implied and realized volatilities," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 160(1), pages 235-245, January.
    14. Biao Guo & Hai Lin, 2020. "Volatility and jump risk in option returns," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(11), pages 1767-1792, November.
    15. Liu, Qing & Wang, Shouyang & Sui, Cong, 2023. "Risk appetite and option prices: Evidence from the Chinese SSE50 options market," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    16. Tiago Sequeira & Hugo Morão, 2020. "Growth accounting and regressions: New approach and results," International Economics, CEPII research center, issue 162, pages 67-79.
    17. Fang Liang & Lingshan Du & Zhuo Huang, 2023. "Option pricing with overnight and intraday volatility," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(11), pages 1576-1614, November.
    18. Seo, Sung Won & Kim, Jun Sik, 2015. "The information content of option-implied information for volatility forecasting with investor sentiment," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 106-120.
    19. Alexandridis, Antonios K. & Apergis, Iraklis & Panopoulou, Ekaterini & Voukelatos, Nikolaos, 2023. "Equity premium prediction: The role of information from the options market," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    20. Tarun Chordia & Alexander Kurov & Dmitriy Muravyev & Avanidhar Subrahmanyam, 2021. "The joint cross section of stocks and options," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 67(3), pages 1758-1778, March.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wly:jfutmk:v:45:y:2025:i:7:p:752-770. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0270-7314/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.