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Trade in tasks: Revisiting the wage and employment effects of offshoring

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  • Wilhelm Kohler
  • Jens Wrona

Abstract

We examine conditions under which offshoring of labour tasks raises domestic wages and employment. Existing literature emphasizes that absorption of job displacement through intersectoral reallocation of factors is a key requirement for this outcome, mostly assuming full employment. We develop a model featuring a less benign environment that rules out such reallocation and allows for equilibrium unemployment due to costly search and matching. Assuming offshoring of both high‐skilled and low‐skilled labour tasks, we derive conditions under which offshoring benefits all workers in terms of both, wages and employment. Dans cet article, nous cherchons à savoir dans quelles conditions la délocalisation des tâches permet d'augmenter les salaires et favoriser l'emploi au niveau local. La littérature existante souligne que pour obtenir de tels résultats, la réallocation intersectorielle des facteurs pour absorber le déplacement des emplois est une condition essentielle, ce qui suppose un environnement de plein emploi. Nous développons un modèle dans un environnement moins favorable excluant une telle réallocation et autorisant un chômage d'équilibre liés aux coûts d'appariement importants sur le marché de l'emploi. En supposant la délocalisation des tâches à la fois peu et hautement qualifiées, nous inférons des conditions dans le cadre desquelles les délocalisations profitent à tous les travailleurs, à la fois en termes de salaires et d'emploi.

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  • Wilhelm Kohler & Jens Wrona, 2021. "Trade in tasks: Revisiting the wage and employment effects of offshoring," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 54(2), pages 648-676, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:54:y:2021:i:2:p:648-676
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12507
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    References listed on IDEAS

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