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Business Cycles and Environmental Policy: A Primer

Author

Listed:
  • Barbara Annicchiarico
  • Stefano Carattini
  • Carolyn Fischer
  • Garth Heutel

Abstract

We study the relationship between business cycles and the design and effects of environmental policies, particularly those with economy-wide significance like climate policies. First, we provide a brief review of the literature related to this topic, from initial explorations using real business-cycle models to New Keynesian extensions, open-economy variations, and issues of monetary policy and financial regulations. Next, we provide a list of the main findings that emerge from this literature that are potentially most relevant to policy makers, including the impacts of policy on volatility and how to design policy to adjust to cycles. Finally, we propose several important remaining research questions.

Suggested Citation

  • Barbara Annicchiarico & Stefano Carattini & Carolyn Fischer & Garth Heutel, 2022. "Business Cycles and Environmental Policy: A Primer," Environmental and Energy Policy and the Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 3(1), pages 221-253.
    • Handle: RePEc:ucp:epolec:doi:10.1086/717222
    DOI: 10.1086/717222
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    Cited by:

    1. Sultanuzzaman, Md Reza & Yahya, Farzan & Lee, Chien-Chiang, 2024. "Exploring the complex interplay of green finance, business cycles, and energy development," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(C).
    2. Jaccard, Ivan & Kockerols, Thore & Schüler, Yves, 2025. "Green and brown returns in a production economy," Working Paper Series 3030, European Central Bank.
    3. Louis Daumas, 2024. "Financial stability, stranded assets and the low‐carbon transition – A critical review of the theoretical and applied literatures," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(3), pages 601-716, July.
    4. Hinterlang, Natascha & Martin, Anika & Röhe, Oke & Stähler, Nikolai & Strobel, Johannes, 2022. "Using energy and emissions taxation to finance labor tax reductions in a multi-sector economy," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    5. Ulrich Eydam & Francesca Diluiso, 2022. "How to Redistribute the Revenues from Climate Policy? A Dynamic Perspective with Financially Constrained Households," CEPA Discussion Papers 45, Center for Economic Policy Analysis.
    6. Kohei Matsumura & Tomomi Naka & Nao Sudo, 2023. "Analysis of the Transmission of Carbon Tax using a Multi-Sector Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model," Bank of Japan Working Paper Series 23-E-2, Bank of Japan.
    7. Yasmeen, Rizwana & Tao, Rui & Jie, Wanchen & Padda, Ihtsham Ul Haq & Shah, Wasi Ul Hassan, 2022. "The repercussions of business cycles on renewable & non-renewable energy consumption structure: Evidence from OECD countries," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 572-583.
    8. Blanz, Alkis & Eydam, Ulrich & Heinemann, Maik & Kalkuhl, Matthias, 2025. "Market-based climate policy with fluctuating fossil energy prices," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    9. Ernst, Anne & Hinterlang, Natascha & Mahle, Alexander & Stähler, Nikolai, 2022. "Carbon pricing, border adjustment and climate clubs: An assessment with EMuSe," Discussion Papers 25/2022, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    10. Campiglio, Emanuele & Lamperti, Francesco & Terranova, Roberta, 2024. "Believe me when I say green! Heterogeneous expectations and climate policy uncertainty," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    11. Burgold, Peter & Ernst, Anne & Hinterlang, Natascha & Jäger, Marius & Stähler, Nikolai, 2025. "Cap and trade versus tradable performance standard in a production network model with sectoral heterogeneity," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    12. Eydam, Ulrich & Diluiso, Francesca, 2022. "How to Redistribute the Revenues from Climate Policy? A Dynamic Perspective with Heterogeneous Households," VfS Annual Conference 2022 (Basel): Big Data in Economics 264076, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    13. Funke, Michael & Terasa, Raphael, 2025. "Will temporary super depreciation allowances for green and digital investments have knock-on effects?," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 47(5), pages 977-998.
    14. Grill, Michael & Popescu, Alexandra & Rancoita, Elena, 2024. "Climate transition risk in the banking sector: what can prudential regulation do?," Working Paper Series 2910, European Central Bank.
    15. Sandra Batten & Stephen Millard, 2024. "Energy and climate policy in a DSGE model of the United Kingdom," Bank of England working papers 1064, Bank of England.
    16. Barbara Annicchiarico & Marco Carli & Francesca Diluiso, 2022. "Climate Policies, Macroprudential Regulation, and the Welfare Cost of Business Cycles," CEIS Research Paper 543, Tor Vergata University, CEIS, revised 31 Oct 2022.
    17. Nadia Zahoor & Ali Meftah Gerged, 2021. "Relational capital, environmental knowledge integration, and environmental performance of small and medium enterprises in emerging markets," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(8), pages 3789-3803, December.
    18. Boss, Konstantin & Testa, Alessandra, 2025. "What goes around comes around: The US climate-economic cycle," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    19. Matsumura, Kohei & Naka, Tomomi & Sudo, Nao, 2024. "Analysis of the transmission of carbon taxes using a multi-sector DSGE," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    20. Ernst, Anne & Hinterlang, Natascha & Mahle, Alexander & Stähler, Nikolai, 2023. "Carbon pricing, border adjustment and climate clubs: Options for international cooperation," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    21. George, Ammu & Huang, Jingong & Xie, Taojun, 2022. "Assessing the dual mandates of sustainability-linked monetary policy," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • Q58 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Government Policy
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles

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