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Impact of financial reforms on efficiency of state-owned, private and foreign banks in Pakistan

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  • Abid Burki
  • G. S. K. Niazi

Abstract

This article uses a unique bank level data from 1991 to 2000 and evaluates how financial reforms affect banking efficiency of domestic and foreign banks in Pakistan. The results suggest that banking efficiency falls during initial reform period when banks adjust to enhanced competition but increases in more advanced stages of reform. While in general foreign and private banks show superior efficiency and factor productivity than do state-owned banks, the relative performance of foreign banks worsens after the consolidation stage of the financial reforms is over. We show the importance of link between bank size, asset quality and bank branches with efficiency indexes and also note that every 10% increase in share of nonperforming to total loans decreases banking efficiency by 6 to 10%.

Suggested Citation

  • Abid Burki & G. S. K. Niazi, 2010. "Impact of financial reforms on efficiency of state-owned, private and foreign banks in Pakistan," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(24), pages 3147-3160.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:applec:v:42:y:2010:i:24:p:3147-3160
    DOI: 10.1080/00036840802112315
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    3. Zaman, Mohammad Shahid & Valiyattoor, Vipin & Bhandari, Anup Kumar, 2022. "Dynamics of total factor productivity growth: An empirical analysis of Indian commercial banks," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 26(C).
    4. Imad Bou-Hamad & Abdel Latef Anouze & Denis Larocque, 2017. "An integrated approach of data envelopment analysis and boosted generalized linear mixed models for efficiency assessment," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 253(1), pages 77-95, June.
    5. Facundo Costa de Arguibel & Carolina Wittig & Juan Antonio Dip, 2023. "Estructura de Propiedad, Origen de Capital y Eficiencia Bancaria: Evidencia para A," Working Papers 251, Red Nacional de Investigadores en Economía (RedNIE).
    6. Abid Burki & S.M. Hussain, 2017. "Opportunities and Risks of Liberalising Trade in Services in Pakistan," Working Papers id:12351, eSocialSciences.
    7. Amir Jahan Khan, 2020. "Competitive Structure and Bank Loan Rate in Pakistan’s Banking Industry," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 59(3), pages 377-398.
    8. Najia Saqib, 2015. "Review of Literature on Finance-Growth Nexus," Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 5(4), pages 1-11.
    9. Badunenko, Oleg & Kumbhakar, Subal C., 2017. "Economies of scale, technical change and persistent and time-varying cost efficiency in Indian banking: Do ownership, regulation and heterogeneity matter?," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 260(2), pages 789-803.
    10. Muhammad Afaq Haider & Qasim Raza & Soniya Jameel & Khansa Pervaiz, 2019. "A Comparative Study of Operational Efficiency of Pakistani and Malaysian Islamic Banks: Data Envelopment Analysis Approach," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 9(5), pages 559-580, May.
    11. Najia Saqib, 2016. "Banking sector liberalization and economic growth: case study of Pakistan," Journal of Business Economics and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(1), pages 125-139, February.
    12. SAIF Ullah, 2020. "Role Of Corporate Governance In Bank’S Efficiency In Pakistan," Studies in Business and Economics, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Faculty of Economic Sciences, vol. 15(1), pages 243-258, April.
    13. Ikram Ullah Khan & Sadaqat Ali & Habib Nawaz Khan, 2018. "Market Concentration, Risk-taking, and Efficiency of Commercial Banks in Pakistan: An Application of the Two-Stage Double Bootstrap DEA," Business & Economic Review, Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan, vol. 10(2), pages 65-96, June.
    14. Muhammad Mahmood Shah Khan & Farrukh Ijaz & Ejaz Aslam, 2014. "Determinants of Profitability of Islamic Banking Industry: An Evidence from Pakistan," Business & Economic Review, Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan, vol. 6(2), pages 27-46, October.
    15. Abid A. Burki & Shabbir Ahmad, 2007. "Corporate Governance Changes in Pakistan’s Banking Sector : Is There a Performance Effect?," Governance Working Papers 22251, East Asian Bureau of Economic Research.
    16. Asad Raza Abidi & Fayaz Raza Chandio & Hassan Jawad Soomro, 2014. "Banking Sector in Pakistan: An Overview," International Journal of Management Sciences, Research Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 3(10), pages 797-805.
    17. Mohammad Shahid Zaman & Anup Kumar Bhandari, 2020. "Financial deregulation, competition and cost efficiency of Indian commercial banks: is there any convergence?," Indian Economic Review, Springer, vol. 55(2), pages 283-312, December.
    18. C. Spulbăr & M. Niţoi, 2014. "Determinants of bank cost efficiency in transition economies: evidence for Latin America, Central and Eastern Europe and South-East Asia," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(16), pages 1940-1952, June.
    19. Shabbir Ahmad & Abid A. Burki, 2016. "Banking deregulation and allocative efficiency in Pakistan," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(13), pages 1182-1196, March.
    20. HACINI, Ishaq & DAHOU, Khadra, 2016. "Efficiency Of The Algerian Banks In The Post Liberalization Period," Studii Financiare (Financial Studies), Centre of Financial and Monetary Research "Victor Slavescu", vol. 20(1), pages 90-106.
    21. Abid A. Burki & Shabbir Ahmad, 2011. "The Impact of Bank Governance on Bank Performance in Pakistan," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 16(Special E), pages 271-300, September.
    22. Pankaj Dutta & Aayush Jain & Asish Gupta, 2020. "Performance analysis of non-banking finance companies using two-stage data envelopment analysis," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 295(1), pages 91-116, December.
    23. S. Adnan H. A. S. Bukhari & Safdar Ullah Khan, 2008. "Estimating Output Gap for Pakistan Economy: Structural and Statistical Approaches," SBP Research Bulletin, State Bank of Pakistan, Research Department, vol. 4, pages 31-60.
    24. Uzma Noreen & Shabbir Ahmad, 2016. "Cost Efficiency and Total Factor Productivity: An Empirical Analysis of Pakistan’s Insurance Sector," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 21(1), pages 123-150, Jan-June.

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    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill

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