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Ethnic Minorities in Northern Mountains of Vietnam: Employment, Poverty and Income

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  • Cuong Viet Nguyen

    (National Economics University)

  • Tuyen Quang Tran

    (Vietnam National University, Hanoi)

  • Huong Vu

    (Academy of Finance)

Abstract

This study provides estimates of key socio-economic indicators reflecting employment, poverty, and welfare of ethnic minorities in Northern Mountains of Vietnam. The ethnic minorities in Northern Mountains have much lower assets and income than ethnic minorities in other regions. Their income is mainly from crops and livestock. Compared with Kinh/Hoa (ethnic majorities) and ethnic minorities in other regions, ethnic minorities in the study area have substantially lower income from wage and non-farm employment. By decomposing the income gap between the ethnic minorities in Northern Mountains and those in other region, this study provides the first evidence that the income gap between the two groups is mainly explained by the gap in wage and nonfarm incomes. Northern Mountain ethnic minorities spend less time on wage and nonfarm employment. Their non-farm income per working hours and farm income per working hours are substantially lower than those of other households.

Suggested Citation

  • Cuong Viet Nguyen & Tuyen Quang Tran & Huong Vu, 2017. "Ethnic Minorities in Northern Mountains of Vietnam: Employment, Poverty and Income," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 134(1), pages 93-115, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:soinre:v:134:y:2017:i:1:d:10.1007_s11205-016-1413-3
    DOI: 10.1007/s11205-016-1413-3
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    2. Rachmat Mulia & Elisabeth Simelton & Tan Quang Nguyen & Magnus Jirström, 2021. "Non-Farm Activities and Impacts beyond the Economy of Rural Households in Vietnam: A Review and Link to Policies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-22, September.
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    5. Esteban J. Quiñones & Sabine Liebenehm & Rasadhika Sharma, "undated". "Left Home High and Dry-Reduced Migration in Response to Repeated Droughts in Thailand and Vietnam," Mathematica Policy Research Reports ac2ba236e1b8428fbeb6d8b43, Mathematica Policy Research.
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    8. Lisa Hiwasaki & Thai Thi Minh, 2022. "Negotiating marginality: Towards an understanding of diverse development pathways of ethnic minorities in Vietnam," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 34(8), pages 1455-1475, November.
    9. Anh Thu Quang Pham & Pundarik Mukhopadhaya & Ha Vu, 2021. "Estimating poverty and vulnerability to monetary and non-monetary poverty: the case of Vietnam," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 61(6), pages 3125-3177, December.
    10. Tran, Tuyen Quang & Thi Nguyen, Hoai Thu & Hoang, Quang Ngoc & Van Nguyen, Dinh, 2022. "The influence of contextual and household factors on multidimensional poverty in rural Vietnam: A multilevel regression analysis," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 390-403.
    11. Hoang Van, Cuong Van & Tran Quang, Tuyen & Nguyen Thi, Yen & Lan Nguyen, Thanh, 2019. "A propensity score matching analysis of the relationship between forest resources and household welfare in Vietnam," MPRA Paper 100105, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 28 Apr 2020.
    12. Yen H. T. Nguyen & Tuyen Q. Tran & Dung T. Hoang & Thu M. T. Tran & Trung T. Nguyen, 2023. "Land quality, income, and poverty among rural households in the North Central Region, Vietnam," Poverty & Public Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 15(2), pages 150-172, June.
    13. Dang, Trang Huyen & Nguyen, Cuong Viet & Phung, Tung Duc, 2022. "Trends and Drivers of Inequality: Recent Evidence from Vietnam," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1067, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    14. Thai, Pham Huu Hong, 2018. "Does household credit benefit child schooling for the poorest ethnic minorities? New evidence from a transitional economy," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 103-112.
    15. Anh Thu Quang Pham & Pundarik Mukhopadhaya & Ha Vu, 2020. "Targeting Administrative Regions for Multidimensional Poverty Alleviation: A Study on Vietnam," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 150(1), pages 143-189, July.
    16. An Thinh Nguyen & Le Truc Nguyen & Hanh Hong Nguyen & Hanh Ta & Hong Nguyen & Tuan Anh Pham & Bich Thi Nguyen & Thao Thi Pham & Nhan Thi Thanh Tang & Luc Hens, 2020. "Rural livelihood diversification of Dzao farmers in response to unpredictable risks associated with agriculture in Vietnamese Northern Mountains today," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(6), pages 5387-5407, August.
    17. Ngoc-Ninh Ho & Truong Lam Do & Dinh-Thao Tran & Trung Thanh Nguyen, 2022. "Indigenous pig production and welfare of ultra-poor ethnic minority households in the Northern mountains of Vietnam," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 156-179, January.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Ethnic minorities; Socio-economic indicators; Decomposition; Northern Mountains;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I - Health, Education, and Welfare
    • I - Health, Education, and Welfare
    • O12 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development

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