IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/rvmgts/v18y2024i10d10.1007_s11846-023-00705-1.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Entrepreneurship in post-conflict countries: a literature review

Author

Listed:
  • Alexandra Moritz

    (Hochschule Koblenz)

  • Joern H. Block

    (Trier University
    Erasmus University Rotterdam)

  • Fuad Morina

    (Trier University)

Abstract

Many countries are in a state of post-conflict, a situation where an armed conflict between countries or within a country has just come to an end. Such countries are typically poor and characterized by political instability, economic problems and social unrest. Entrepreneurship is considered crucial for such countries as a driver of economic recovery and peacebuilding. However, the exact role and effect of entrepreneurship in a post-conflict context is not well understood and an integrative perspective is needed. Our study reviews the fragmented knowledge on entrepreneurship in post-conflict countries. We structure the literature into four distinct categories (when and where, who and why, how, and impact) and develop an integrative conceptual model. Our review reveals research gaps and suggests directions for future research on entrepreneurship in post-conflict countries. Our study also helps policy-makers to design an effective entrepreneurship policy considering the specific requirements of post-conflict contexts.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexandra Moritz & Joern H. Block & Fuad Morina, 2024. "Entrepreneurship in post-conflict countries: a literature review," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 18(10), pages 3025-3083, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:rvmgts:v:18:y:2024:i:10:d:10.1007_s11846-023-00705-1
    DOI: 10.1007/s11846-023-00705-1
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11846-023-00705-1
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s11846-023-00705-1?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ana Kopren & Hans Westlund, 2021. "Bridging versus Bonding Social Capital in Entrepreneurs’ Networks: The Case of Post-Conflict Western Balkans," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-18, March.
    2. Besnik A. Krasniqi, 2007. "Barriers To Entrepreneurship And Sme Growth In Transition: The Case Of Kosova," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 12(01), pages 71-94.
    3. Zoltan Acs, 2008. "How is Entrepreneurship Good for Economic Growth?," Chapters, in: Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy, chapter 21, pages 291-301, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    4. de Mel, Suresh & McKenzie, David & Woodruff, Christopher, 2014. "Business training and female enterprise start-up, growth, and dynamics: Experimental evidence from Sri Lanka," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 199-210.
    5. Rettberg, Angelika, 2016. "Need, creed, and greed: Understanding why business leaders focus on issues of peace," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 59(5), pages 481-492.
    6. Jeroen de Jong & Orietta Marsili, 2015. "The distribution of Schumpeterian and Kirznerian opportunities," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 44(1), pages 19-35, January.
    7. Samuel Dawa & Rebecca Namatovu, 2015. "Social Networks And Growth Of Female-Owned Ventures: A Sub-Saharan Africa Perspective," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 20(02), pages 1-19.
    8. Nick Williams & Adnan Efendic, 2019. "Internal displacement and external migration in a post-conflict economy: Perceptions of institutions among migrant entrepreneurs," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 17(4), pages 558-585, December.
    9. Carlos Bozzoli & Tilman Brück & Nina Wald, 2013. "Self-employment and Conflict in Colombia," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 57(1), pages 117-142, February.
    10. Karol Boudreaux, 2007. "The Business Of Reconciliation: Entrepreneurship And Commercial Activity In Post‐Conflict Rwanda," Economic Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(2), pages 6-13, June.
    11. Nick Williams & Tim Vorley, 2017. "Fostering productive entrepreneurship in post-conflict economies: the importance of institutional alignment," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(5-6), pages 444-466, May.
    12. Sascha Kraus & Matthias Breier & Sonia Dasí-Rodríguez, 2020. "The art of crafting a systematic literature review in entrepreneurship research," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 16(3), pages 1023-1042, September.
    13. Riddle, Liesl & Brinkerhoff, Jennifer, 2011. "Diaspora entrepreneurs as institutional change agents: The case of Thamel.com," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(6), pages 670-680.
    14. Besnik A. Krasniqi & Justina Shiroka-Pula & Enver Kutllovci, 2008. "The determinants of entrepreneurship and small business growth in Kosova: evidence from new and established firms," International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 8(3), pages 320-342.
    15. Besnik A. Krasniqi & Muhamet Mustafa, 2016. "Small firm growth in a post-conflict environment: the role of human capital, institutional quality, and managerial capacities," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 12(4), pages 1165-1207, December.
    16. Miriam Bruhn & Bilal Zia, 2013. "Stimulating managerial capital in emerging markets: the impact of business training for young entrepreneurs," Journal of Development Effectiveness, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 5(2), pages 232-266, June.
    17. Esther-K Ishengoma & Robert Kappel, 2011. "Business Environment and Growth Potential of Micro and Small Manufacturing Enterprises in Uganda," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 23(3), pages 352-365.
    18. S. P. Premaratne, 2001. "Networks, Resources, and Small Business Growth: The Experience in Sri Lanka," Journal of Small Business Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(4), pages 363-371, October.
    19. Friederike Welter & Ted Baker, 2021. "Moving Contexts Onto New Roads: Clues From Other Disciplines," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 45(5), pages 1154-1175, September.
    20. Ana Joana Fernandes & Joao J. Ferreira, 2022. "Entrepreneurial ecosystems and networks: a literature review and research agenda," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 16(1), pages 189-247, January.
    21. David J. Rapp & Michael Olbrich, 2021. "On predictive entrepreneurial action in uncertain, ill-structured conditions," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 15(7), pages 1961-1979, October.
    22. Elena Bardasi & Shwetlena Sabarwal & Katherine Terrell, 2011. "How do female entrepreneurs perform? Evidence from three developing regions," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 37(4), pages 417-441, November.
    23. Freddie Festo Mawanga, 2017. "Comparison Of Female And Male Youth Characteristics Prior To Entrepreneurial Development: Evidence From Uganda," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 22(01), pages 1-15, March.
    24. Alan Gamlen, 2014. "Diaspora Institutions and Diaspora Governance," International Migration Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 48, pages 180-217, September.
    25. Michal Matul & Caroline Tsilikounas, 2004. "Role of microfinance in the household reconstruction process in Bosnia and Herzegovina," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(3), pages 429-466.
    26. Frank Agyire-Tettey & Charles Godfred Ackah & Derek Asuman, 2018. "Gender and returns to entrepreneurship in Africa," International Journal of Social Economics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 45(12), pages 1609-1630, August.
    27. Rachel Masika, 2017. "Mobile Phones and Entrepreneurial Identity Negotiation by Urban Female Street Traders in Uganda," Gender, Work and Organization, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(6), pages 610-627, November.
    28. Kolk, Ans & Lenfant, François, 2016. "Hybrid business models for peace and reconciliation," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 59(5), pages 503-524.
    29. Edward Mutandwa & Nathan Kanuma Taremwa & Theoneste Tubanambazi, 2015. "Determinants Of Business Performance Of Small And Medium Size Enterprises In Rwanda," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 20(01), pages 1-12.
    30. Arthur Sserwanga & Rebecca Isabella Kiconco & Malin Nystrand & Rachel Mindra, 2014. "Social entrepreneurship and post conflict recovery in Uganda," Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 8(4), pages 300-317, October.
    31. Besnik A. Krasniqi & Nick Williams, 2019. "Migration and intention to return: entrepreneurial intentions of the diaspora in post-conflict economies," Post-Communist Economies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(4), pages 464-483, July.
    32. Igor Abramov, 2009. "Building Peace in Fragile States – Building Trust is Essential for Effective Public–Private Partnerships," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 89(4), pages 481-494, March.
    33. Vernesa Djip, 2014. "Entrepreneurship and SME development in post-conflict societies," Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 3(2), pages 254-274, October.
    34. Alfred K. Tarway‐Twalla, 2011. "The contribution of grassroots businesses to post‐conflict development in Liberia," Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 5(1), pages 58-67, March.
    35. Christian Fisch & Joern Block, 2018. "Six tips for your (systematic) literature review in business and management research," Management Review Quarterly, Springer, vol. 68(2), pages 103-106, April.
    36. Thilde Langevang & Rebecca Namatovu, 2019. "Social bricolage in the aftermath of war," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(9-10), pages 785-805, October.
    37. Joan-Lluis Capelleras & Durim Hoxha, 2010. "Start-up size and subsequent firm growth in Kosova: the role of entrepreneurial and institutional factors," Post-Communist Economies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(3), pages 411-426.
    38. Garriga, Ana Carolina & Phillips, Brian John, 2014. "Foreign Aid as a Signal to Investors: Predicting FDI in Post-Conflict Countries," MPRA Paper 88643, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    39. Sandra Milena Santamaria-Alvarez & Diana Carolina Muñoz-Castro & Maria Angélica Sarmiento-González & Sara Isabel Marín-Zapata, 2018. "Fragmented networks and transnational entrepreneurship: Building strategies to prosper in challenging surroundings," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 16(2), pages 244-275, June.
    40. Prince Karakire Guma, 2015. "Business in the urban informal economy: barriers to women's entrepreneurship in Uganda," Journal of African Business, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(3), pages 305-321, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ojong, Nathanael & Simba, Amon & Dana, Leo-Paul, 2021. "Female entrepreneurship in Africa: A review, trends, and future research directions," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 233-248.
    2. Nick Williams & Besnik A. Krasniqi, 2018. "Coming out of conflict: How migrant entrepreneurs utilise human and social capital," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 16(2), pages 301-323, June.
    3. Abd Hamid, Hamizah & Pidduck, Robert J. & Newman, Alexander & Ayob, Abu Hanifah & Sidek, Farhana, 2023. "Intercultural resource arbitrageurs: A review and extension of the literature on transnational entrepreneurs," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    4. Jana Schmutzler & Veneta Andonova & Jonathan Perez-Lopez, 2021. "The role of diaspora in opportunity-driven entrepreneurial ecosystems: A mixed-methods study of Balkan economies," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 693-729, June.
    5. Nick Williams, 2018. "Mobilising diaspora to promote homeland investment: The progress of policy in post-conflict economies," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 36(7), pages 1256-1279, November.
    6. Nick Williams & Emmanuella Plakoyiannaki & Besnik A. Krasniqi, 2023. "When Forced Migrants Go Home: The Journey of Returnee Entrepreneurs in the Post-conflict Economies of Bosnia & Herzegovina and Kosovo," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 47(2), pages 430-460, March.
    7. Lucia Dalla Pellegrina & Giorgio Di Maio & Paolo Landoni & Emanuele Rusinà, 2021. "Money management and entrepreneurial training in microfinance: impact on beneficiaries and institutions," Economia Politica: Journal of Analytical and Institutional Economics, Springer;Fondazione Edison, vol. 38(3), pages 1049-1085, October.
    8. Premand, Patrick & Brodmann, Stefanie & Almeida, Rita & Grun, Rebekka & Barouni, Mahdi, 2016. "Entrepreneurship Education and Entry into Self-Employment Among University Graduates," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 311-327.
    9. Djomo Choumbou Raoul Fani & Ukpe Udeme Henrietta & Emmanuel Njock Oben & Donald Denen Dzever & Onyeje Hephzibah Obekpa & Auguste Tamba Nde & Mohamadou Sani & Mbong Grace Annih & Dontsop Nguezet Paul M, 2021. "Assessing the Performance and Participation among Young Male and Female Entrepreneurs in Agribusiness: A Case Study of the Rice and Maize Subsectors in Cameroon," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-19, March.
    10. Syrus M Islam, 2022. "Social impact scaling strategies in social enterprises: A systematic review and research agenda," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 47(2), pages 298-321, May.
    11. Sufyan, Muhammad & Degbey, William Y. & Glavee-Geo, Richard & Zoogah, Baniyelme D., 2023. "Transnational digital entrepreneurship and enterprise effectiveness: A micro-foundational perspective," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).
    12. Diwan, Faizan. & Makana, Grace. & McKenzie, David & Paruzzolo, Silvia., 2015. "Women business training programme in Kenya : impact of incentives," ILO Working Papers 994874113402676, International Labour Organization.
    13. Appiah, Emmanuel Kusi & Gabrielsson, Peter & Rialp Criado, Alex, 2025. "The role of digitalization in early internationalization Research: A systematic literature review and future research directions," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
    14. Cyrine Ben-Hafaïedh & Mirela Xheneti & Pekka Stenholm & Robert Blackburn & Friederike Welter & David Urbano, 2024. "The interplay of context and entrepreneurship: the new frontier for contextualisation research," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 62(2), pages 571-582, February.
    15. Faizan Diwan & Grace Makana & David McKenzie & Silvia Paruzzolo, 2014. "Invitation Choice Structure Has No Impact on Attendance in a Female Business Training Program in Kenya," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(10), pages 1-8, October.
    16. Marie Madeleine Meurer & Maksim Belitski & Christian Fisch & Roy Thurik, 2024. "What gets published and what doesn’t? Exploring optimal distinctiveness and diverse expectations in entrepreneurship articles," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 63(3), pages 1139-1170, October.
    17. Lars Ivar Oppedal Berge & Kjetil Bjorvatn & Bertil Tungodden, 2015. "Human and Financial Capital for Microenterprise Development: Evidence from a Field and Lab Experiment," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 61(4), pages 707-722, April.
    18. Forrer, John J. & Fort, Timothy L., 2016. "The PACO index," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 59(5), pages 533-538.
    19. Daria Kautto, 2019. "Social influences in cross-border entrepreneurial migration policy," Journal of International Business Policy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 2(4), pages 397-412, December.
    20. Maribel Guerrero & Vesna Mandakovic & Mauricio Apablaza & Veronica Arriagada, 2021. "Are migrants in/from emerging economies more entrepreneurial than natives?," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 527-548, June.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Entrepreneurship; Post-conflict country; Peacebuilding; Economic recovery; Systematic literature review;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • P45 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Other Economic Systems - - - International Linkages

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:rvmgts:v:18:y:2024:i:10:d:10.1007_s11846-023-00705-1. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.