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Power grid resilience: insights from sensitivity analysis using a comprehensive AC optimal power flow model

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Listed:
  • Maureen S. Golan

    (The University of Texas at Austin
    The New York Power Authority)

  • Hussein Sharadga

    (Texas A&M International University)

  • Javad Mohammadi

    (The University of Texas at Austin)

Abstract

Implementing resilience strategies in the power grid is becoming increasingly vital to ensuring that electricity needs are met long-term. We therefore study the impacts of various resilience strategies through sensitivity analysis, using a realistic representation of the grid’s behavior. This is achieved by leveraging an AC optimization solution developed for the Department of Energy’s (DOE) Grid Optimization (GO) challenge. The GO solution incorporates comprehensive constraints and solves the complete AC problem with device switching, and optimizes total market surplus. We then use this model for sensitivity analysis of load flexibility, generation capacity, branch flow limits, prosumer presence, and ramping limits to evaluate how market surplus performs when implementing these various resilience strategies. Since market surplus is an indicator of efficiency, we highlight how resilience strategies may interact with other power grid operational objectives (i.e., efficiency), leading to trade-offs between operational objectives. By using sensitivity analysis and post-processing we limit computational requirements and hone in on factors that are most significant when designing and operating power grids.

Suggested Citation

  • Maureen S. Golan & Hussein Sharadga & Javad Mohammadi, 2025. "Power grid resilience: insights from sensitivity analysis using a comprehensive AC optimal power flow model," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 45(3), pages 1-22, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:envsyd:v:45:y:2025:i:3:d:10.1007_s10669-025-10024-3
    DOI: 10.1007/s10669-025-10024-3
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