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Supply chain networks with global outsourcing and quick-response production under demand and cost uncertainty

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  • Zugang Liu
  • Anna Nagurney

Abstract

This paper develops a modeling and computational framework for supply chain networks with global outsourcing and quick-response production under demand and cost uncertainty. Our model considers multiple off-shore suppliers, multiple manufacturers, and multiple demand markets. Using variational inequality theory, we formulate the governing equilibrium conditions of the competing decision-makers (the manufacturers) who are faced with two-stage stochastic programming problems but who also have to cooperate with the other decision-makers (the off-shore suppliers). Our theoretical and analytical results shed light on the value of outsourcing from novel real option perspectives. Moreover, our simulation studies reveal important managerial insights regarding how demand and cost uncertainty affects the profits, the risks, as well as the global outsourcing and quick-production decisions of supply chain firms under competition. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2013

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  • Zugang Liu & Anna Nagurney, 2013. "Supply chain networks with global outsourcing and quick-response production under demand and cost uncertainty," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 208(1), pages 251-289, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:annopr:v:208:y:2013:i:1:p:251-289:10.1007/s10479-011-1006-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s10479-011-1006-0
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    5. Ravi Shankar Kumar & Alok Choudhary & Soudagar A. K. Irfan Babu & Sri Krishna Kumar & A. Goswami & M. K. Tiwari, 2017. "Designing multi-period supply chain network considering risk and emission: a multi-objective approach," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 250(2), pages 427-461, March.
    6. Anna Nagurney & Mojtaba Salarpour & June Dong & Ladimer S. Nagurney, 2020. "A Stochastic Disaster Relief Game Theory Network Model," SN Operations Research Forum, Springer, vol. 1(2), pages 1-33, June.
    7. Liu, Zugang & Wang, Jia, 2019. "Supply chain network equilibrium with strategic supplier investment: A real options perspective," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 184-198.
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    10. Guo, Zhaomiao & Fan, Yueyue, 2017. "A Stochastic Multi-Agent Optimization Model for Energy Infrastructure Planning Under Uncertainty and Competition," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt89s5s8hn, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    11. Tsan-Ming Choi, 2018. "Impacts of retailer’s risk averse behaviors on quick response fashion supply chain systems," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 268(1), pages 239-257, September.
    12. Robert N. Boute & Jan A. Van Mieghem, 2015. "Global Dual Sourcing and Order Smoothing: The Impact of Capacity and Lead Times," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 61(9), pages 2080-2099, September.
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    14. Rabin K. Jana & Dinesh K. Sharma & Peeyush Mehta, 2022. "A probabilistic fuzzy goal programming model for managing the supply of emergency relief materials," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 319(1), pages 149-172, December.
    15. Trigeorgis, Lenos & Tsekrekos, Andrianos E., 2018. "Real Options in Operations Research: A Review," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 270(1), pages 1-24.
    16. Heydari, Jafar & Govindan, Kannan & Ebrahimi Nasab, Hamid Reza & Taleizadeh, Ata Allah, 2020. "Coordination by quantity flexibility contract in a two-echelon supply chain system: Effect of outsourcing decisions," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).
    17. Anna Nagurney & Dong Li, 2015. "A supply chain network game theory model with product differentiation, outsourcing of production and distribution, and quality and price competition," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 226(1), pages 479-503, March.
    18. Desheng Wu, 2017. "Pass-through decision analysis in a supply chain," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 257(1), pages 297-316, October.
    19. Gao, Yongling & Driouchi, Tarik, 2018. "Accounting for ambiguity and trust in partial outsourcing: A behavioral real options perspective," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 93-104.
    20. Xihui Wang & Yunfei Wu & Liang Liang & Zhimin Huang, 2016. "Service outsourcing and disaster response methods in a relief supply chain," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 240(2), pages 471-487, May.
    21. Xiaowei Zhu, 2017. "Outsourcing management under various demand Information Sharing scenarios," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 257(1), pages 449-467, October.
    22. Nookabadi, Ali Shahandeh, 2016. "Outsource planning through option contracts with demand and cost uncertaintyAuthor-Name: Nosoohi, Iman," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 250(1), pages 131-142.
    23. Mohammed Alkahtani, 2022. "Mathematical Modelling of Inventory and Process Outsourcing for Optimization of Supply Chain Management," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-27, April.
    24. Dong Li & Anna Nagurney, 2017. "Supply chain performance assessment and supplier and component importance identification in a general competitive multitiered supply chain network model," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 67(1), pages 223-250, January.

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