IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/proeco/v232y2021ics0925527320302735.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Two-stage inventory management with financing under demand updates

Author

Listed:
  • Li, Tianyun
  • Fang, Weiguo
  • Baykal-Gürsoy, Melike

Abstract

Considered is a retailer (she) facing non-stationary stochastic demand. Demand can be fully observed and backlogged, consequently the retailer can update the initial demand information using a Bayesian approach. To alleviate the demand risk, the retailer may use a secondary opportunity to replenish through an option contract. In addition, the retailer also has access to an immediate loan if she faces capital constraints and to a risk-free investment if she has surplus funds. The paper presents a recourse approach to solve the two-stage optimization problem and derive the optimal inventory/financing policies. The results show that the option procurement policy has a two-threshold base-stock structure depending on the first procurement, demand update and also the retailer’s financial state. The initial procurement can be computed subsequently. A sufficiently large initial demand will induce the retailer to seize the secondary procurement opportunity. Finally, a series of numerical examples demonstrate the resulting policy under various inventory/financial situations. This research incorporates the financial and operational decisions into demand updates, and brings new managerial results and insights.

Suggested Citation

  • Li, Tianyun & Fang, Weiguo & Baykal-Gürsoy, Melike, 2021. "Two-stage inventory management with financing under demand updates," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:proeco:v:232:y:2021:i:c:s0925527320302735
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107915
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925527320302735
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107915?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Samuel Karlin, 1960. "Dynamic Inventory Policy with Varying Stochastic Demands," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 6(3), pages 231-258, April.
    2. Li Chen & Erica L. Plambeck, 2008. "Dynamic Inventory Management with Learning About the Demand Distribution and Substitution Probability," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 10(2), pages 236-256, May.
    3. Dawn Barnes-Schuster & Yehuda Bassok & Ravi Anupindi, 2002. "Coordination and Flexibility in Supply Contracts with Options," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 4(3), pages 171-207, May.
    4. Katy S. Azoury, 1985. "Bayes Solution to Dynamic Inventory Models Under Unknown Demand Distribution," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 31(9), pages 1150-1160, September.
    5. Joseph M. Milner & Panos Kouvelis, 2002. "On the Complementary Value of Accurate Demand Information and Production and Supplier Flexibility," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 4(2), pages 99-113, December.
    6. Chen, Xu & Hao, Gang & Li, Ling, 2014. "Channel coordination with a loss-averse retailer and option contracts," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 52-57.
    7. Merton H. Miller, 1989. "The Modigliani‐Miller Propositions After Thirty Years," Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, Morgan Stanley, vol. 2(1), pages 6-18, March.
    8. Michael N. Katehakis & Benjamin Melamed & Jim (Junmin) Shi, 2016. "Cash-Flow Based Dynamic Inventory Management," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 25(9), pages 1558-1575, September.
    9. Katy S. Azoury & Julia Miyaoka, 2009. "Optimal Policies and Approximations for a Bayesian Linear Regression Inventory Model," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 55(5), pages 813-826, May.
    10. Gary D. Eppen & Ananth. V. Iyer, 1997. "Backup Agreements in Fashion Buying---The Value of Upstream Flexibility," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 43(11), pages 1469-1484, November.
    11. Zhao, Yingxue & Wang, Shouyang & Cheng, T.C.E. & Yang, Xiaoqi & Huang, Zhimin, 2010. "Coordination of supply chains by option contracts: A cooperative game theory approach," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 207(2), pages 668-675, December.
    12. Gary D. Eppen & Ananth. V. Iyer, 1997. "Improved Fashion Buying with Bayesian Updates," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 45(6), pages 805-819, December.
    13. Herbert E. Scarf, 1960. "Some remarks on bayes solutions to the inventory problem," Naval Research Logistics Quarterly, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 7(4), pages 591-596, December.
    14. Joseph M. Milner & Panos Kouvelis, 2005. "Order Quantity and Timing Flexibility in Supply Chains: The Role of Demand Characteristics," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 51(6), pages 970-985, June.
    15. Zhao, Yingxue & Choi, Tsan-Ming & Cheng, T.C.E. & Wang, Shouyang, 2018. "Supply option contracts with spot market and demand information updating," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 266(3), pages 1062-1071.
    16. Vafa Arani, Hamed & Rabbani, Masoud & Rafiei, Hamed, 2016. "A revenue-sharing option contract toward coordination of supply chains," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 42-56.
    17. Anyan Qi & Hyun-Soo Ahn & Amitabh Sinha, 2017. "Capacity Investment with Demand Learning," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 65(1), pages 145-164, February.
    18. A. A. Tsay & W. S. Lovejoy, 1999. "Quantity Flexibility Contracts and Supply Chain Performance," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 1(2), pages 89-111.
    19. David J. Braden & Marshall Freimer, 1991. "Informational Dynamics of Censored Observations," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 37(11), pages 1390-1404, November.
    20. Xiangwen Lu & Jing-Sheng Song & Kaijie Zhu, 2008. "Analysis of Perishable-Inventory Systems with Censored Demand Data," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 56(4), pages 1034-1038, August.
    21. Zhe (Frank) Wang & Adam J. Mersereau, 2017. "Bayesian Inventory Management with Potential Change‐Points in Demand," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 26(2), pages 341-359, February.
    22. Wei Luo & Kevin Shang, 2015. "Joint Inventory and Cash Management for Multidivisional Supply Chains," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 63(5), pages 1098-1116, October.
    23. Martin A. Lariviere & Evan L. Porteus, 1999. "Stalking Information: Bayesian Inventory Management with Unobserved Lost Sales," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 45(3), pages 346-363, March.
    24. Hua, Shengya & Liu, Jingchen & Cheng, T.C.E. & Zhai, Xin, 2019. "Financing and ordering strategies for a supply chain under the option contract," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 100-121.
    25. Apostolos Burnetas & Peter Ritchken, 2005. "Option Pricing with Downward-Sloping Demand Curves: The Case of Supply Chain Options," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 51(4), pages 566-580, April.
    26. Zhao, Yingxue & Ma, Lijun & Xie, Gang & Cheng, T.C.E., 2013. "Coordination of supply chains with bidirectional option contracts," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 229(2), pages 375-381.
    27. Peter H. Ritchken & Charles S. Tapiero, 1986. "Contingent Claims Contracting for Purchasing Decisions in Inventory Management," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 34(6), pages 864-870, December.
    28. Wang, Xihui & Li, Feng & Liang, Liang & Huang, Zhimin & Ashley, Allan, 2015. "Pre-purchasing with option contract and coordination in a relief supply chain," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 170-176.
    29. Donald L. Iglehart, 1964. "The Dynamic Inventory Problem with Unknown Demand Distribution," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 10(3), pages 429-440, April.
    30. Xiting Gong & Xiuli Chao & David Simchi‐Levi, 2014. "Dynamic inventory control with limited capital and short‐term financing," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 61(3), pages 184-201, April.
    31. Nicholas C. Petruzzi & Maqbool Dada, 2001. "Information and Inventory Recourse for a Two-Market, Price-Setting Retailer," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 3(3), pages 242-263, October.
    32. Xiaomei Ding & Martin L. Puterman & Arnab Bisi, 2002. "The Censored Newsvendor and the Optimal Acquisition of Information," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 50(3), pages 517-527, June.
    33. Li, Xiang & Li, Yongjian & Cai, Xiaoqiang, 2011. "On a multi-period supply chain system with supplementary order opportunity," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 209(3), pages 273-284, March.
    34. Anyan Qi & Hyun-Soo Ahn & Amitabh Sinha, 2017. "Capacity Investment with Demand Learning," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 65(1), pages 145-164, February.
    35. Agrawal, Narendra & Smith, Stephen A., 2013. "Optimal inventory management for a retail chain with diverse store demands," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 225(3), pages 393-403.
    36. Jian Li & Suresh Chand & Maqbool Dada & Shailendra Mehta, 2009. "Managing Inventory Over a Short Season: Models with Two Procurement Opportunities," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 11(1), pages 174-184, April.
    37. Panos Kouvelis & Wenhui Zhao, 2012. "Financing the Newsvendor: Supplier vs. Bank, and the Structure of Optimal Trade Credit Contracts," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 60(3), pages 566-580, June.
    38. John Buzacott & Houmin Yan & Hanqin Zhang, 2011. "Risk analysis of commitment–option contracts with forecast updates," IISE Transactions, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(6), pages 415-431.
    39. Wang, Xiaolong & Liu, Liwen, 2007. "Coordination in a retailer-led supply chain through option contract," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 110(1-2), pages 115-127, October.
    40. John A. Buzacott & Rachel Q. Zhang, 2004. "Inventory Management with Asset-Based Financing," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 50(9), pages 1274-1292, September.
    41. Lode Li & Martin Shubik & Matthew J. Sobel, 2013. "Control of Dividends, Capital Subscriptions, and Physical Inventories," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 59(5), pages 1107-1124, May.
    42. Xiuli Chao & Jia Chen & Shouyang Wang, 2008. "Dynamic inventory management with cash flow constraints," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 55(8), pages 758-768, December.
    43. Joseph M. Milner & Meir J. Rosenblatt, 2002. "Flexible supply contracts for short life‐cycle goods: The buyer's perspective," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 49(1), pages 25-45, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Zhi, Bangdong & Wang, Xiaojun & Xu, Fangming, 2022. "Managing inventory financing in a volatile market: A novel data-driven copula model," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    2. Kajjoune, Oussama & Aouam, Tarik & Zouadi, Tarik & Ranjan, Ravi Prakash, 2023. "Dynamic lot-sizing in a two-stage supply chain with liquidity constraints and financing options," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    3. Xu, Qingyun & He, Yi & Shao, Zhen, 2023. "Retailer's ordering decisions with consumer panic buying under unexpected events," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    4. Jiawu Peng & Yue Zhao & Lili Dai, 2023. "Equilibrium Strategy of Production and Order in a Two-Echelon Supply Chain with Demand Information Updates and Capacity Restriction," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-32, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Biswas, Indranil & Avittathur, Balram, 2019. "Channel coordination using options contract under simultaneous price and inventory competition," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 45-60.
    2. Mila Nambiar & David Simchi‐Levi & He Wang, 2021. "Dynamic Inventory Allocation with Demand Learning for Seasonal Goods," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 30(3), pages 750-765, March.
    3. Woonghee Tim Huh & Paat Rusmevichientong, 2009. "A Nonparametric Asymptotic Analysis of Inventory Planning with Censored Demand," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 34(1), pages 103-123, February.
    4. Li Chen & Adam J.Mersereau & Zhe (Frank) Wang, 2017. "Optimal Merchandise Testing with Limited Inventory," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 65(4), pages 968-991, August.
    5. Rong Li & Jing‐Sheng Jeannette Song & Shuxiao Sun & Xiaona Zheng, 2022. "Fight inventory shrinkage: Simultaneous learning of inventory level and shrinkage rate," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 31(6), pages 2477-2491, June.
    6. Zhang, Jian & Zhang, Juliang & Hua, Guowei, 2016. "Multi-period inventory games with information update," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 119-127.
    7. Feng, Yi & Mu, Yinping & Hu, Benyong & Kumar, Arun, 2014. "Commodity options purchasing and credit financing under capital constraint," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 230-237.
    8. Nookabadi, Ali Shahandeh, 2016. "Outsource planning through option contracts with demand and cost uncertaintyAuthor-Name: Nosoohi, Iman," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 250(1), pages 131-142.
    9. Li, Ji-cai & Zhou, Yong-wu & Huang, Wenyan, 2017. "Production and procurement strategies for seasonal product supply chain under yield uncertainty with commitment-option contracts," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 183(PA), pages 208-222.
    10. Zhao, Yingxue & Ma, Lijun & Xie, Gang & Cheng, T.C.E., 2013. "Coordination of supply chains with bidirectional option contracts," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 229(2), pages 375-381.
    11. Arnab Bisi & Maqbool Dada & Surya Tokdar, 2011. "A Censored-Data Multiperiod Inventory Problem with Newsvendor Demand Distributions," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 13(4), pages 525-533, October.
    12. Liu, Zhongyi & Hua, Shengya & Zhai, Xin, 2020. "Supply chain coordination with risk-averse retailer and option contract: Supplier-led vs. Retailer-led," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    13. Arnab Bisi & Maqbool Dada, 2007. "Dynamic learning, pricing, and ordering by a censored newsvendor," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 54(4), pages 448-461, June.
    14. Li Chen, 2010. "Bounds and Heuristics for Optimal Bayesian Inventory Control with Unobserved Lost Sales," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 58(2), pages 396-413, April.
    15. Vafa Arani, Hamed & Rabbani, Masoud & Rafiei, Hamed, 2016. "A revenue-sharing option contract toward coordination of supply chains," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 42-56.
    16. Zhuo, Wenyan & Shao, Lusheng & Yang, Honglin, 2018. "Mean–variance analysis of option contracts in a two-echelon supply chain," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 271(2), pages 535-547.
    17. Woonghee Tim Huh & Retsef Levi & Paat Rusmevichientong & James B. Orlin, 2011. "Adaptive Data-Driven Inventory Control with Censored Demand Based on Kaplan-Meier Estimator," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 59(4), pages 929-941, August.
    18. Kajjoune, Oussama & Aouam, Tarik & Zouadi, Tarik & Dairi, Meriem, 2021. "Dynamic lot-sizing with short-term financing and external deposits for a capital-constrained manufacturer," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    19. Alireza Bakhshi & Jafar Heydari, 2023. "An optimal put option contract for a reverse supply chain: case of remanufacturing capacity uncertainty," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 324(1), pages 37-60, May.
    20. Meng, Qingchun & Kao, Zhiping & Guo, Ying & Bao, Chunbing, 2023. "An emergency supplies procurement strategy based on a bidirectional option contract," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 87(PA).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:proeco:v:232:y:2021:i:c:s0925527320302735. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ijpe .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.