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Dynamika płac w cyklu życia a indywidualny stan zdrowia

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  • Maciej Lis
  • Iga Magda

Abstract

Celem artykułu jest zbadanie relacji zdrowia i zatrudnienia oraz dynamiki produktywności w cyklu życia, mierzonej poziomem indywidualnych wynagrodzeń zgodnie z podejściem neoklasycznym. Analizujemy, jak kształtuje się zatrudnienie i dynamika płac według wieku dla osób z różnym stanem zdrowia w Polsce. Korzystając z danych z Europejskiego Badania Dochodów i Warunków Życia (EU‑SILC) z lat 2005–2009 pokazujemy, że pogarszanie się stanu zdrowia z wiekiem ma charakter płynny. Dla osób w wieku najwyższej aktywności zawodowej stan zdrowia ma wyraźny związek z prawdopodobieństwem zatrudnienia. Jednak spadek zatrudnienia osób w starszych grupach wieku wiąże się raczej ze spadkiem wskaźnika zatrudnienia zarówno wśród osób dobrze, jak i źle postrzegających swoje zdrowie. Innymi słowy, zmiana struktury populacji pod względem oceny swojego stanu zdrowia ma niewielkie znaczenia dla spadku wskaźnika zatrudnienia wraz z wiekiem. Związek stanu zdrowia z sytuacją na rynku pracy jest jeszcze słabszy w przypadku osób, które pozostają w zatrudnieniu. Gorszy stan zdrowia związany jest z niższymi wynagrodzeniami (i tym samym niższą produktywnością), które są jednak skutkiem niższego poziomu wykształcenia i krótszego stażu pracy osób deklarujących zły stan zdrowia, a także rodzaju wykonywanych przez nie prac (zawód, typ miejsca pracy). Sam wpływ zdrowia na dynamikę wynagrodzeń w cyklu życia jest bardzo mały. Na podstawie wyników przeprowadzonych przez nas badań sugerujemy, że z perspektywy zachodzących zmian demograficznych i starzenia się ludności obawy o wpływ stanu zdrowia na możliwości wydłużania aktywności zawodowej nie wydają się uzasadnione. Większym wyzwaniem dla polityki pozostają niskie wskaźniki zatrudnienia młodszych osób o gorszym stanie zdrowia.

Suggested Citation

  • Maciej Lis & Iga Magda, 2014. "Dynamika płac w cyklu życia a indywidualny stan zdrowia," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 4, pages 121-142.
  • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2014:i:4:p:121-142
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Paulina Broniatowska & Aleksandra Majchrowska & Maciej Nasiński, 2020. "Age Structure of Employment and Wages. An Analysis Across Occupational Groups," Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics, Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics, vol. 12(3), pages 227-250, September.
    2. Wiktorowicz Justyna & Ziarko Łukasz, 2020. "Individual Factors of Extending the Working Life for People with Disabilities in Poland," Econometrics. Advances in Applied Data Analysis, Sciendo, vol. 24(4), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Maciej Lis, 2017. "Productivity based selection to retirement: Evidence from EU-SILC," IBS Working Papers 02/2017, Instytut Badan Strukturalnych.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    zdrowie; produktywność; starzenie się ludności; dynamika płac;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I15 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Economic Development
    • J11 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Demographic Trends, Macroeconomic Effects, and Forecasts
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity

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