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Environmental Hazards and Life Expectancy in Africa: Evidence From GARCH Model

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  • Chigozie Nelson Nkalu
  • Richardson Kojo Edeme

Abstract

This study investigates the extent to which environmental hazards affect the life expectancy in Africa using Nigeria time series data spanning from 1960 to 2017. The study adopted generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model in estimating the total number of 58 (years) observations to ensure robustness in the estimation results. The estimation results show that environmental hazards in terms of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emission from solid fuel consumption reduce life expectancy (LEX) by 1 month and 3 weeks with a statistically significant result. Also, income, as proxied by GDP, extends LEX by 1 year 6 months with statistically insignificant result, while population growth (POPG) equally extends LEX by 5 years 5 months due to increase in human resource/manpower which enhances agricultural productivity in Africa. Based on the empirical findings, there is a need for the African Union (AU) to adopt a policy regulating the excessive CO 2 emission from solid fuel consumption to ameliorate the negative consequences it exerts on the lifespan of the African population. Also among other policy recommendations, the economies in Africa should increase budgetary allocations to science and technology sector to drift the economies from solid fuel consumption to more robust electricity/digital driven technology and hybrid-energy efficient mechanisms.

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  • Chigozie Nelson Nkalu & Richardson Kojo Edeme, 2019. "Environmental Hazards and Life Expectancy in Africa: Evidence From GARCH Model," SAGE Open, , vol. 9(1), pages 21582440198, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:9:y:2019:i:1:p:2158244019830500
    DOI: 10.1177/2158244019830500
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    4. Yaya OlaOluwa S. & Otekunrin Oluwaseun A. & Ogbonna Ahamuefula E., 2021. "Life expectancy in West African countries: Evidence of convergence and catching up with the north," Statistics in Transition New Series, Polish Statistical Association, vol. 22(1), pages 75-88, March.
    5. Rahman, Mohammad Mafizur & Alam, Khosrul, 2022. "Life expectancy in the ANZUS-BENELUX countries: The role of renewable energy, environmental pollution, economic growth and good governance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 251-260.
    6. Zhiheng Chen & Yuting Ma & Junyi Hua & Yuanhong Wang & Hongpeng Guo, 2021. "Impacts from Economic Development and Environmental Factors on Life Expectancy: A Comparative Study Based on Data from Both Developed and Developing Countries from 2004 to 2016," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-18, August.
    7. Ghazala Aziz & Rida Waheed & Suleman Sarwar & Mohd Saeed Khan, 2022. "The Significance of Governance Indicators to Achieve Carbon Neutrality: A New Insight of Life Expectancy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-20, December.
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    11. Maryam Aziz & Muhammad Zeeshan Shaukat & Abdul Aziz Khan Niazi & Abdul Basit & Tehmina Fiaz Qazi, 2023. "Wavelet Analysis of CO2 Emissions’ Co-movement: An Investigation of Lead–lag Effect among Emerging Asian Economies," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 9(3), pages 36-51.
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