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A különféle hasznosságfogalmak szerepe a közgazdaságtanban
[The role of various notions of utility in economics]

Author

Listed:
  • Berde, Éva
  • Petró, Katalin

Abstract

A hetvenes évekbeli magyar közgazdaságtan számára egyre inkább úgy tűnt, hogy a fogyasztói hasznossággal kapcsolatos kérdések megnyugtató, mindenki számára elfogadható magyarázatot kaptak. A kardinális hasznosságfogalom végleges elvetése, a kardinális és ordinális megközelítés közti viszony egyoldalú kezelése, az ordinális hasznosság életképességét igazoló Debreuféle reprezentáció, majd ennek a gondolatmenetnek mindenfajta kitekintés nélküli átvétele szinte kötelező tantétellé vált a mikroökonómia akkor még nem túlságosan nagy létszámú hazai művelői közt. Az azóta eltelt idő jelentősen megszaporította a fenti tudomány gondolatait többékevésbé elsajátítók táborát, de rejtélyes módon az akkor kialakult szemléletet mégsem sikerült gyökeresen áttörni. Pedig ha megmaradunk a szigorúan vett ordinális hasznosság talaján, akkor a társadalmi döntéseket megelőző elemzések eszköztára lényegesen szegényebbé, a bizonytalan körülmények közt bekövetkező közgazdasági döntések értékelése pedig szinte lehetetlenné válik. A cikk bemutatja a neoklasszikus hasznosságfogalom történeti kialakulását, egymástól nagyon különböző változatait és az egyes változatok felhasználási területeit, valamint a legújabb hasznossági megközelítéseket. Felhívja az olvasó figyelmét arra, hogy a közgazdaságtannak nincsen olyan univerzális eljárása, amely valamennyi felmerülő kérdésre meg tudná adni a választ. A felhasználandó eszközt mindig a probléma jellegének megfelelően kell kiválasztani.

Suggested Citation

  • Berde, Éva & Petró, Katalin, 1995. "A különféle hasznosságfogalmak szerepe a közgazdaságtanban [The role of various notions of utility in economics]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(5), pages 511-529.
    • Handle: RePEc:ksa:szemle:26
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    JEL classification:

    • D11 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Theory
    • B13 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought through 1925 - - - Neoclassical through 1925 (Austrian, Marshallian, Walrasian, Wicksellian)
    • B21 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought since 1925 - - - Microeconomics

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