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New potential for multimodal connection: exploring the relationship between taxi and transit in New York City (NYC)

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  • Fangru Wang

    (Georgia Institute of Technology)

  • Catherine L. Ross

    (Georgia Institute of Technology)

Abstract

Taxi trips have been somewhat neglected in transportation mobility and multimodal connection studies. The socio-demographic characteristics of taxi riders are often not fully revealed and the relationship between the taxi and fixed-route public transportation has not been sufficiently quantified. This research operationalizes the multifaceted relationship between the taxi and transit in an innovative way. We categorize taxi trips into three types: transit-competing, transit-complementing, and transit-extending trips, by examining the spatial relationship of taxi trips’ origins/destinations and the locations of transit stations using a New York global positioning system taxi trip dataset. The distinct characteristics of the three types of taxi trips reflect the different market segmentations that taxis serve and the competing, complementary, and supportive nature of the relationship between the taxi and transit. We also explore the demographic characteristics of taxi riders and the result reveals the important role of taxis in providing mobility options to the economically or physically challenged population. Among our many findings are that transit-extending taxi trips have significantly shorter average trip lengths and larger proportions of people paying with cash than other trip types. These and other results point to important policy implications for improving the multimodal connection between the taxi and transit.

Suggested Citation

  • Fangru Wang & Catherine L. Ross, 2019. "New potential for multimodal connection: exploring the relationship between taxi and transit in New York City (NYC)," Transportation, Springer, vol. 46(3), pages 1051-1072, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:transp:v:46:y:2019:i:3:d:10.1007_s11116-017-9787-x
    DOI: 10.1007/s11116-017-9787-x
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    Cited by:

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    4. Xize Liu & Mingzhuang Hua & Xuewu Chen & Jingxu Chen, 2025. "Examining the Impact of Electric Bike-Sharing on For-Hire Vehicles in Medium-Sized Cities: An Empirical Study in Yancheng, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-21, January.
    5. Rui Yao & Kenan Zhang, 2023. "How would mobility-as-a-service (MaaS) platform survive as an intermediary? From the viewpoint of stability in many-to-many matching," Papers 2310.08285, arXiv.org.
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    7. Kirtonia, Sajeeb & Sun, Yanshuo, 2022. "Evaluating rail transit's comparative advantages in travel cost and time over taxi with open data in two U.S. cities," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 75-87.
    8. Zhai, Wei & Bai, Xueyin & Peng, Zhong-ren & Gu, Chaolin, 2019. "A bottom-up transportation network efficiency measuring approach: A case study of taxi efficiency in New York City," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    9. Ma, Tai-Yu & Fang, Yumeng & Connors, Richard D. & Viti, Francesco & Nakao, Haruko, 2024. "A hybrid metaheuristic to optimize electric first-mile feeder services with charging synchronization constraints and customer rejections," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    10. Jinjun Tang & Fan Gao & Fang Liu & Wenhui Zhang & Yong Qi, 2019. "Understanding Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of Urban Travel Demand Based on the Combination of GWR and GLM," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-19, October.
    11. Luan, Hui & Zhang, Shanqi & Fu, Xiao, 2024. "Bayesian multivariate spatiotemporal statistical modeling of bus and taxi ridership," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    12. Marcus Kirk & Zhenhao Jeffery Piao, 2025. "Investor-firm private interactions and informed trading: Evidence from New York City taxi patterns," Review of Accounting Studies, Springer, vol. 30(2), pages 1136-1174, June.
    13. Raoul Rothfeld & Mengying Fu & Miloš Balać & Constantinos Antoniou, 2021. "Potential Urban Air Mobility Travel Time Savings: An Exploratory Analysis of Munich, Paris, and San Francisco," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-20, February.
    14. Liao, Yuan, 2021. "Ride-sourcing compared to its public-transit alternative using big trip data," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    15. Hwang, Jae-Yeon & Cho, Shin-Hyung & Park, Shin Hyoung, 2025. "Evaluating sustainable urban mobility for public transit incorporating the geospatial modeling approach," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    16. Lambros Mitropoulos & Annie Kortsari & Emy Apostolopoulou & Georgia Ayfantopoulou & Alexandros Deloukas, 2023. "Multimodal Traveling with Rail and Ride-Sharing: Lessons Learned during Planning and Demonstrating a Pilot Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-21, September.
    17. Saumya Bhatnagar & Tarun Rambha & Gitakrishnan Ramadurai, 2024. "An agent-based fleet management model for first- and last-mile services," Transportation, Springer, vol. 51(3), pages 987-1013, June.
    18. Yilei Pan & Mengying Chang & Shumin Feng & Dongsheng Hao, 2023. "Modeling and Complex Characteristics of Urban Subway Co-Opetition Network: A Case Study of Wuhan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-17, January.
    19. Yao, Jiwei & You, Fengqi, 2020. "Simulation-based optimization framework for economic operations of autonomous electric taxicab considering battery aging," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    20. Bhuyan, Atanu & Roy, Vivek, 2024. "Paratransit services and socio-economic planning: A review uncovering critical insights and developmental pathways," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).

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