IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/kap/revdev/v25y2022i2d10.1007_s11147-021-09184-6.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The impact of non-cash collateralization on the over-the-counter derivatives markets

Author

Listed:
  • Kazuhiro Takino

    (Nagoya University of Commerce and Business)

Abstract

In this study, we propose a microeconomics model to verify effects of the non-cash collateralization on the liquidity of the over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives markets accepting both cash and non-cash assets. Liquidity is measured as an equilibrium volume of the derivatives contract. The equilibrium volume is obtained by solving the utility maximization problem of a risk-averse collateral payer who wants to optimize her/his capital. The collateral payer’s capital depends on the non-cash asset used as collateral. We consider both option and forward contracts as examples. Our sensitivity analysis shows that the optimal combination of cash and non-cash collaterals can maximize the liquidity of derivatives. Especially for option contracts, the market requires both cash and non-cash collaterals for liquidity. The empirical result related to this finding is provided. Overall, the introduction of non-cash collateralization boosts the liquidity of derivatives contracts. We also show how the arrangements of collateralization can boost the liquidity of the OTC derivatives markets. Moreover, we demonstrate that the combination of cash and non-cash collaterals to maximize liquidity differs from that to maximize the participant’s utility. This indicates that the optimal combination is not efficient in terms of Pareto criteria.

Suggested Citation

  • Kazuhiro Takino, 2022. "The impact of non-cash collateralization on the over-the-counter derivatives markets," Review of Derivatives Research, Springer, vol. 25(2), pages 137-171, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:kap:revdev:v:25:y:2022:i:2:d:10.1007_s11147-021-09184-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s11147-021-09184-6
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11147-021-09184-6
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s11147-021-09184-6?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Michael Johannes & Suresh Sundaresan, 2007. "The Impact of Collateralization on Swap Rates," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 62(1), pages 383-410, February.
    2. Masaaki Fujii & Akihiko Takahashi, 2016. "A General Framework for the Benchmark pricing in a Fully Collateralized Market," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-1000, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.
    3. Duffie, Darrell & Scheicher, Martin & Vuillemey, Guillaume, 2015. "Central clearing and collateral demand," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 116(2), pages 237-256.
    4. Parlatore, Cecilia, 2019. "Collateralizing liquidity," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 131(2), pages 299-322.
    5. Masaaki Fujii & Akihiko Takahashi, 2016. "A general framework for the benchmark pricing in a fully collateralized market," International Journal of Financial Engineering (IJFE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 3(03), pages 1-30, September.
    6. Masaaki Fujii & Yasufumi Shimada & Akihiko Takahashi, 2009. "A Note on Construction of Multiple Swap Curves with and without Collateral," CARF F-Series CARF-F-154, Center for Advanced Research in Finance, Faculty of Economics, The University of Tokyo, revised Jan 2010.
    7. Takino, Kazuhiro, 2016. "An equilibrium model for the OTC derivatives market with a collateral agreement," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 4(1), pages 41-55.
    8. Andrea Pallavicini & Daniele Perini & Damiano Brigo, 2012. "Funding, Collateral and Hedging: uncovering the mechanics and the subtleties of funding valuation adjustments," Papers 1210.3811, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2012.
    9. Wujiang Lou, 2015. "Coherent CVA and FVA with Liability Side Pricing of Derivatives," Papers 1510.07199, arXiv.org.
    10. Cassola, Nuno & Koulischer, François, 2019. "The collateral channel of open market operations," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 73-90.
    11. Acharya, Viral & Bisin, Alberto, 2014. "Counterparty risk externality: Centralized versus over-the-counter markets," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 153-182.
    12. Brigo, Damiano & Francischello, Marco & Pallavicini, Andrea, 2019. "Nonlinear valuation under credit, funding, and margins: Existence, uniqueness, invariance, and disentanglement," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 274(2), pages 788-805.
    13. Filippo Taddei, 2007. "Collateral, Financial Arrangements and Pareto Optimality," Carlo Alberto Notebooks 64, Collegio Carlo Alberto.
    14. Kazuhiro Takino, 2018. "An Equilibrium Model For An Otc Derivative Market Under A Counterparty Risk Constraint," Journal of Financial Management, Markets and Institutions (JFMMI), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 6(02), pages 1-26, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Nicola Moreni & Andrea Pallavicini, 2017. "Derivative Pricing With Collateralization And Fx Market Dislocations," International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance (IJTAF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 20(06), pages 1-27, September.
    2. Leif Andersen & Darrell Duffie & Yang Song, 2017. "Funding Value Adjustments," NBER Working Papers 23680, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. García Muñoz, Luis Manuel & de Lope Contreras, Fernando & Palomar Burdeus, Juan Esteban, 2015. "Pricing Derivatives in the New Framework: OIS Discounting, CVA, DVA & FVA," MPRA Paper 62086, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Jean-Paul Laurent & Philippe Amzelek & Joe Bonnaud, 2014. "An overview of the valuation of collateralized derivative contracts," Review of Derivatives Research, Springer, vol. 17(3), pages 261-286, October.
    5. Alessandro Gnoatto & Athena Picarelli & Christoph Reisinger, 2020. "Deep xVA solver -- A neural network based counterparty credit risk management framework," Papers 2005.02633, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2022.
    6. Bruno Biais & Florian Heider & Marie Hoerova, 2021. "Variation Margins, Fire Sales, and Information-constrained Optimality [Leverage, Moral Hazard, and Liquidity]," Review of Economic Studies, Oxford University Press, vol. 88(6), pages 2654-2686.
    7. Christian Kubitza & Loriana Pelizzon & Mila Getmansky Sherman, 2021. "Loss Sharing in Central Clearinghouses: Winners and Losers," ECONtribute Discussion Papers Series 066, University of Bonn and University of Cologne, Germany.
    8. Peltonen, Tuomas A. & Scheicher, Martin & Vuillemey, Guillaume, 2014. "The network structure of the CDS market and its determinants," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 13(C), pages 118-133.
    9. Corradin, Stefano & Heider, Florian & Hoerova, Marie, 2017. "On collateral: implications for financial stability and monetary policy," Working Paper Series 2107, European Central Bank.
    10. Gündüz, Yalin, 2018. "Mitigating counterparty risk," Discussion Papers 35/2018, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    11. Vincent Bignon & Guillaume Vuillemey, 2020. "The Failure of a Clearinghouse: Empirical Evidence [Counterparty risk externality: centralized versus over-the-counter markets]," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 24(1), pages 99-128.
    12. Bellia, Mario & Panzica, Roberto & Pelizzon, Loriana & Peltonen, Tuomas A., 2017. "The demand for central clearing: to clear or not to clear, that is the question," ESRB Working Paper Series 62, European Systemic Risk Board.
    13. Francesca Biagini & Alessandro Gnoatto & Immacolata Oliva, 2019. "Pricing of counterparty risk and funding with CSA discounting, portfolio effects and initial margin," Working Papers 04/2019, University of Verona, Department of Economics.
    14. Binbin Deng, 2017. "Counterparty risk, central counterparty clearing and aggregate risk," Annals of Finance, Springer, vol. 13(4), pages 355-400, November.
    15. Massimiliano Affinito & Matteo Piazza, 2021. "Always Look on the Bright Side? Central Counterparties and Interbank Markets during the Financial Crisis," International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking, vol. 17(1), pages 231-283, March.
    16. Loon, Yee Cheng & Zhong, Zhaodong (Ken), 2016. "Does Dodd-Frank affect OTC transaction costs and liquidity? Evidence from real-time CDS trade reports," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 119(3), pages 645-672.
    17. Wenqian Huang & Albert J. Menkveld & Shihao Yu, 2021. "Central Counterparty Exposure in Stressed Markets," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 67(6), pages 3596-3617, June.
    18. Vuillemey, Guillaume & Peltonen, Tuomas A., 2015. "Disentangling the bond–CDS nexus: A stress test model of the CDS market," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 32-45.
    19. Alessio Calvelli, 2022. "No-Arbitrage Pricing, Dynamics and Forward Prices of Collateralized Derivatives," Papers 2208.08746, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2023.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    OTC derivatives markets; Counterparty risk; Non-cash collateralization; Demand-supply analysis;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G10 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • G13 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:kap:revdev:v:25:y:2022:i:2:d:10.1007_s11147-021-09184-6. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.