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New Evidence On Rates Of Return To Education In Pakistan

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  • Javed Ashraf

Abstract

Relatively few articles have examined the rates of return to education in Pakistan in recent years. This paper uses data from the 2001-02 Pakistan Integrated Household Survey to compute returns from different levels of education. Returns to education are found to be higher for females than for males at the lowest level of schooling. The results presented here support the findings of other researchers. In addition the result have significant policy implications for educators and policymakers.

Suggested Citation

  • Javed Ashraf, 2011. "New Evidence On Rates Of Return To Education In Pakistan," Global Journal of Business Research, The Institute for Business and Finance Research, vol. 5(3), pages 113-120.
    • Handle: RePEc:ibf:gjbres:v:5:y:2011:i:3:p:113-120
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Guisinger, Stephen E. & Henderson, James W. & Scully, Gerald W., 1984. "Earnings, rates of return to education and the earnings distribution in Pakistan," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 3(4), pages 257-267, August.
    2. Nadeem Ul Haque, 1977. "An Economic Analysis of Personal Earnings in Rawalpindi City," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 16(4), pages 353-382.
    3. Oaxaca, Ronald, 1973. "Male-Female Wage Differentials in Urban Labor Markets," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 14(3), pages 693-709, October.
    4. Khalil A. Hamdani, 1977. "Education and the Income Differential. An Estimation for Rawalpindi City," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 16(2), pages 144-164.
    5. Hyder, Asma, 2007. "Wage Differentials, Rate of Return toEducation, and Occupational WageShare in the Labour Market of Pakistan," MPRA Paper 2224, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Heckman, James, 2013. "Sample selection bias as a specification error," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 31(3), pages 129-137.
    7. Cotton, Jeremiah, 1988. "On the Decomposition of Wage Differentials," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 70(2), pages 236-243, May.
    8. Abbas, Qaisar & Foreman-Peck, James, 2007. "The Mincer Human Capital Model in Pakistan: Implications for Education Policy," Cardiff Economics Working Papers E2007/24, Cardiff University, Cardiff Business School, Economics Section.
    9. David Neumark, 1988. "Employers' Discriminatory Behavior and the Estimation of Wage Discrimination," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 23(3), pages 279-295.
    10. Hina Nazli, 2004. "The Effect of Education, Experience and Occupation on Earnings: Evidence from Pakistan," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 9(2), pages 1-30, Jul-Dec.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jamal, Haroon, 2015. "Private Returns to Education in Pakistan: A Statistical Investigation," MPRA Paper 70640, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Adnan Bashir & Zahid Siddique, 2023. "Appraising the lifetime private economic returns of postgraduate degrees: Evidence from Pakistan," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-13, December.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Education; Returns; Pakistan;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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