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Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Production and Food Security: A Case Study in the Mekong River Delta of Vietnam

Author

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  • Tran Trong Phuong

    (Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Ha Noi 10000, Vietnam)

  • Tran Duc Vien

    (Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Ha Noi 10000, Vietnam)

  • Cao Truong Son

    (Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Ha Noi 10000, Vietnam)

  • Doan Thanh Thuy

    (Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Ha Noi 10000, Vietnam)

  • Stefan Greiving

    (Research Group Regional Development and Risk Management, Department of Spatial Planning, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany)

Abstract

Vietnam is a country highly vulnerable to climate change. Specifically, climate change has seriously impacted all aspects of Vietnam’s economic and social life, especially agricultural production. In this article, we focus on analyzing the current situation and the impacts of climate change on agricultural production and food security in Vietnam, especially in the Mekong River Delta (MRD) region. Vietnam’s climate change scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP 8.5) have warned of serious increases in temperature, rainfall, and sea level rises for the MRD in coming times. This will lead to a risk of flooding in nearly 50% of the region’s area and will seriously affect agricultural production in many aspects such as soil quality degradation, scarcity of water resources, increased droughts and floods, reduced crop productivity, and so on. These impacts will reduce Vietnam’s food supply capacity, but do not compromise national food security from a short-term perspective. Faced with this situation, the Government of Vietnam has implemented many comprehensive measures to transform agriculture towards ecology, sustainability, and low carbon emissions, with the goal of green growth and neutral carbon emissions by 2050. In particular, the focus is on combining nature-based solutions with the application of modern science and technology in agricultural production, raising awareness and the response capacity of domestic people, with international cooperation in addressing climate change issues.

Suggested Citation

  • Tran Trong Phuong & Tran Duc Vien & Cao Truong Son & Doan Thanh Thuy & Stefan Greiving, 2024. "Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Production and Food Security: A Case Study in the Mekong River Delta of Vietnam," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-16, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:17:p:7776-:d:1472964
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Charlotte Janssens & Petr Havlík & Tamás Krisztin & Justin Baker & Stefan Frank & Tomoko Hasegawa & David Leclère & Sara Ohrel & Shaun Ragnauth & Erwin Schmid & Hugo Valin & Nicole Van Lipzig & Miet M, 2020. "Global hunger and climate change adaptation through international trade," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 10(9), pages 829-835, September.
    2. Farhana Bibi & Azizur Rahman, 2023. "An Overview of Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture and Their Mitigation Strategies," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-15, July.
    3. Jerry L. Hatfield & John Antle & Karen A. Garrett & Roberto Cesar Izaurralde & Terry Mader & Elizabeth Marshall & Mark Nearing & G. Philip Robertson & Lewis Ziska, 2020. "Indicators of climate change in agricultural systems," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 163(4), pages 1719-1732, December.
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    1. Phongchai Jittamai & Sovann Toek & Phumrapee Sathaporn & Kingkan Kongkanjana & Natdanai Chanlawong, 2024. "Risk Mitigation in Durian Cultivation in Thailand Using the House of Risk (HOR) Method: A Case Study of Pak Chong GI Durian," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-19, December.
    2. Diep Nguyen Thi Thanh & Tuan Nguyen Tran, 2025. "Accounting for the ecosystem services of different land uses: a case study of the ecological zones in the Mekong Delta Region, Vietnam," Environmental & Socio-economic Studies, Sciendo, vol. 13(3), pages 11-25.

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