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Failure-Mechanism and Design Techniques of Offshore Wind Turbine Pile Foundation: Review and Research Directions

Author

Listed:
  • Sudip Basack

    (Elitte College of Engineering, Affiliated: MAKA University of Technology, Sodepur, Kolkata 700113, India)

  • Ghritartha Goswami

    (Department of Civil Engineering, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Nirjuli 791109, India)

  • Zi-Hang Dai

    (Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350025, China)

  • Parinita Baruah

    (Panchayat and Rural Development Department, Assam 781037, India)

Abstract

Wind energy is one of the most sustainable and renewable resources for power generation. Offshore wind turbines (OWTs) derive significant wind energy compared to onshore installations. One of the greatest challenges encountered by installing the OWTs is the adequate design of their foundation in relatively soft and compressible marine soil. In most cases, the OWTs are supported by a single pile, termed as ‘monopile foundation’. Apart from the usual loads from the superstructure, these piles are subjected to complex loading conditions under static and cyclic modes in the axial, lateral, and torsional directions due to the primary actions of the wave, wind, and current. To incorporate an appropriate design methodology, understanding the failure mechanisms of such piles is of the utmost necessity. This review paper aims to focus on the progressive development in the analysis of failure mechanisms and design practice relevant to the monopile foundations for OWTs by theoretical and experimental studies conducted globally. An extensive literature survey has been carried out to study the gradual progress on offshore pile-soil interaction, failure mechanisms, and design techniques of OWT supporting monopile foundations. Based on the studies, a brief overview of the various aspects of analysis and design has been carried out, and the relevant conclusions are drawn therefrom.

Suggested Citation

  • Sudip Basack & Ghritartha Goswami & Zi-Hang Dai & Parinita Baruah, 2022. "Failure-Mechanism and Design Techniques of Offshore Wind Turbine Pile Foundation: Review and Research Directions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-20, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:19:p:12666-:d:934046
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lee, Yeon-Seung & Choi, Byung-Lyul & Lee, Ji Hyun & Kim, Soo Young & Han, Soonhung, 2014. "Reliability-based design optimization of monopile transition piece for offshore wind turbine system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 729-741.
    2. Libo Chen & Xiaoyan Yang & Lichen Li & Wenbing Wu & M. Hesham El Naggar & Kuihua Wang & Jinyong Chen, 2020. "Numerical Analysis of the Deformation Performance of Monopile under Wave and Current Load," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Wu, Xiaoni & Hu, Yu & Li, Ye & Yang, Jian & Duan, Lei & Wang, Tongguang & Adcock, Thomas & Jiang, Zhiyu & Gao, Zhen & Lin, Zhiliang & Borthwick, Alistair & Liao, Shijun, 2019. "Foundations of offshore wind turbines: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 379-393.
    4. Kim, Dong Hyawn & Lee, Sang Geun & Lee, Il Keun, 2014. "Seismic fragility analysis of 5 MW offshore wind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 250-256.
    5. Negro, Vicente & López-Gutiérrez, José-Santos & Esteban, M. Dolores & Matutano, Clara, 2014. "Uncertainties in the design of support structures and foundations for offshore wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 125-132.
    6. Zihua Zhang & Junhua Li & Ping Zhuge, 2014. "Failure Analysis of Large-Scale Wind Power Structure under Simulated Typhoon," Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi, vol. 2014, pages 1-10, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Noor Amila Wan Abdullah Zawawi & Kamaluddeen Usman Danyaro & M. S. Liew & Lim Eu Shawn, 2023. "Environmental Sustainability and Efficiency of Offshore Platform Decommissioning: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-18, August.
    2. Dianfu Fu & Shuzhao Li & Hui Zhang & Yu Jiang & Run Liu & Chengfeng Li, 2023. "The Influence Depth of Pile Base Resistance in Sand-Layered Clay," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-14, April.
    3. Sudip Basack & Satyabrata Podder & Shantanu Dutta & Elena Lucchi, 2025. "Performance Analysis and Numerical Modeling of Mechanical and Electrical Components in a Rooftop Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-29, March.
    4. Sudip Basack & Shantanu Dutta & Dipasri Saha, 2022. "Installation and Performance Study of a Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine Prototype Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-29, December.
    5. Shan Liu & Zhenyu Liu, 2022. "Influence of Currents on the Breaking Wave Forces Acting on Monopiles over an Impermeable Slope," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-14, December.

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